Characterization, health risk of heavy metals, and source apportionment of atmospheric PM2.5 to children in summer and winter: an exposure panel study in Tianjin, China

Zhang, Nan; Han, Bin; He, Fei; Jia, Xuefeng; Niu, Chaoqun; Zhou, Jia‐Xi; Kong, Shaofei; Zhang, Bai; He, X. Q.

doi:10.1007/s11869-014-0289-0

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In this suburban region, the smoke emissions released due to the burning of wheat straw, rape straw, and other biomass fuel for domestic cooking or heating purposes . K + is also mainly emitted from biomass burning in the suburb of Shenzhen, China (Dai et al, 2013), Beijing, China (Yu et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013), and Colombo, Sri Lanka (Seneviratne et al, 2011). In Seoul, Korea, biomass burning is characterized by the presence of K and other related markers in PM 2.5 .…”

Section: Identification and Apportionment Of Pm 25 Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

et al. 2016

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The health implications of PM 2.5 in the tropical region of Southeast Asia (SEA) are significant as PM 2.5 can pose serious health concerns. PM 2.5 concentration and sources here are strongly influenced by changes in the monsoon regime from the south-west quadrant to the north-east quadrant in the region. In this work, PM 2.5 samples were collected at a semi-urban area using a high-volume air sampler at different seasons on 24 h basis. Analysis of trace elements and water-soluble ions was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography (IC), respectively. Apportionment analysis of PM 2.5 was carried out using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) positive matrix factorization (PMF) 5.0 and a mass closure model. We quantitatively characterized the health risks posed to human populations through the inhalation of selected heavy metals in PM 2.5 . 48 % of the samples collected exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) 24 h PM 2.5 guideline but only 19 % of the samples exceeded 24 h US EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). The PM 2.5 concentration was slightly higher during the north-east monsoon compared to south-west monsoon. The main trace metals identified were As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, V, and Cr while the main ions were SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 , NH + 4 , and Na. The mass closure model identified four major sources of PM 2.5 that account for 55 % of total mass balance. The four sources are mineral matter (MIN) (35 %), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (11 %), sea salt (SS) (7 %), and trace elements (TE) (2 %). PMF 5.0 elucidated five potential sources: motor vehicle emissions coupled with biomass burning (31 %) were the most dominant, followed by marine/sulfate aerosol (20 %), coal burning (19 %), nitrate aerosol (17 %), and mineral/road dust (13 %). The hazard quotient (HQ) for four selected metals (Pb, As, Cd, and Ni) in PM 2.5 mass was highest in PM 2.5 mass from the coal burning source and least in PM 2.5 mass originating from the mineral/road dust source. The main carcinogenic heavy metal of concern to health at the current location was As; the other heavy metals (Ni, Pb, and Cd) did not pose a significant cancer risk in PM 2.5 mass concentration. Overall, the associated lifetime cancer risk posed by the exposure of hazardous metals in PM 2.5 is 3-4 per 1 000 000 people at this location. Published by CopernicusPublications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 598 M. F. Khan et al.: Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 597-617, 2016 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/597/2016/

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Section: Identification and Apportionment Of Pm 25 Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

et al. 2016

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“…Heavy metals (e.g., Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) have been used by humans for thousands of years. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse health effect relationship between particulate matter exposure and toxic heavy metals [10][11][12][13]. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified As, Ni, Cd, and Cr as class I carcinogenic contaminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 in a Campus in a Typical Suburb Area of Taiyuan, North China

2018

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Abstract:To evaluate air pollution and the public health burden of heavy metals in PM 2.5 in a campus with a population of approximately 40,000 in a typical suburb area of Taiyuan, North China, PM 2.5 measurements were conducted during the spring and winter of 2016. The average concentrations of PM 2.5 in spring and winter were 97.3 ± 35.2 µg m −3 and 205.9 ± 91.3 µg m −3 , respectively. The order of concentration of heavy metals in PM 2.5 was as follows: Zn > Pb > Mn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > As, in both spring and winter. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in winter and the concentrations of Cr in both spring and winter in this study were significantly higher than the corresponding air quality standard values. Road/soil dust, industrial emissions/coal combustion, and vehicle emissions/oil combustion and coal combustion/industrial emissions, road/soil dust, and vehicle emissions/oil combustion were identified by principal component analysis to be the major sources of heavy metals for spring and winter, respectively. The carcinogenic risks posed by Cr via the three exposure pathways (except for inhalation exposure to children) and by Pb via ingestion exposure exceeded the acceptable level for both children and adults. The non-carcinogenic risks posed by Mn via inhalation for both children and adults, and by Cr and Pb for children via ingestion exceeded the acceptable level.

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“…The overall mortality and morbidity can also be influenced (Brunekreef and Holgate 2002; Anenberg et al 2010; Samek 2016). A component of air pollution which is given special attention is PM 2.5 —a number of research groups has reported major and trace elements concentrations in PM 2.5 (Cuccia et al 2013; Yu et al 2013; Moreno et al 2006; Samek et al 2015, 2016; Zhang et al 2015, Terrouche et al 2016). Due to the fact that elemental composition is determined by unique factors, its determination may lead to the identification of sources of air pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical content and estimated sources of fine fraction of particulate matter collected in Krakow

Samek

Stęgowski

Furman

et al. 2016

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The monitored level of pollution remains high in Krakow, Poland. Alerts regarding increased levels of pollution, which advise asthmatics, the elderly, and children to limit their exposure to open air, continue to be issued on numerous days. In this work, seasonal variations in PM2.5 (particulate matter containing particles with aerodynamic diameter no higher than 2.5 μm) concentrations are shown. An increasing trend is reported, which is enhanced during the colder seasons. The mean PM2.5 concentrations in Krakow exceeded the target value of 25 μg/m3 specified for 2015 in the spring, autumn, and winter seasons. For this reason, particulate matter pollution is of special concern. Elemental concentrations as well as the presence of black carbon (BC) and black smoke (BS) in PM2.5 samples were determined. Seasonal variations of Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, and Pb concentrations were observed whereas V, Cr, Ni, BC, and BS concentrations did not significantly change with the time of year. Seven factors were identified by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) technique, and one was non-identified. They were attributed to the following sources of pollution: steel industry, traffic (diesel exhaust), traffic (gasoline exhaust, brake wear), road dust, construction dust, combustion (biomass, coal), and non-ferrous metallurgical industry. The last, non-identified source, could be attributed to secondary aerosols. It is worth to mention that combustion shows significant seasonal variations with a high impact in winter. The reported results of the completed studies may significantly aid in solving air quality issues in the city by highlighting major sources of air pollution.

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Characterization, health risk of heavy metals, and source apportionment of atmospheric PM2.5 to children in summer and winter: an exposure panel study in Tianjin, China

Cited by 80 publications

References 60 publications

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

Sources and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 in a Campus in a Typical Suburb Area of Taiyuan, North China

Chemical content and estimated sources of fine fraction of particulate matter collected in Krakow

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