Characterization of 19 polymorphic SSR markers in Spirodela polyrhiza (Lemnaceae) and cross‐amplification in Lemna perpusilla

Abstract

Premise of the StudyPolymorphic microsatellite primers were developed for greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza (Lemnaceae), to investigate genetic diversity and structure for application in a bioremediation program.Methods and ResultsA total of 401 publicly available S. polyrhiza whole‐genome shotgun sequences were searched for simple sequence repeat loci of two or more nucleotides. Of these, 60 primer pairs were selected to analyze 68 individuals of S. polyrhiza from three populations. Nineteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed. A total of 108 alleles were detected with an average of 5.7 alleles per locus. The levels of expected and observed heterozygosity were 0.0511–0.8669 and 0–0.8750, respectively. Ten loci also successfully amplified in 16 individuals of Lemna perpusilla.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the broad utility of these microsatellite loci for studying population genetics in S. polyrhiza.

Duckweed (Lemnaceae): Its Molecular Taxonomy

“…However, this does not allow characterization of all investigated samples at the level of clones. Detection of a larger number of haplo-/genotypes in the species Spirodela polyrhiza and Landoltia punctata was possible by using plastidic inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers (Xue et al, 2012) or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers of the plastidic genome (Feng et al, 2017) as well as nuclear SSR markers (Xu et al, 2018). Out of the three studies, the first identified 11 haplotypes of Spirodela polyrhiza and 11 haplotypes of Landoltia punctata in 97 investigated clones, resulting in the specific identification of ca.…”

Characterization of microsatellite markers for the duckweedSpirodela polyrhizaandLemna minortested on samples from Europe or the United States of America

“…2018). While some microsatellite markers are known to amplify across more than one duckweed species (Xu et al . 2018), we have not yet explicitly tested these markers against other species.…”

“…(2014) developed nine polymorphic and 24 monomorphic haplotype cpDNA-based microsatellite primers for L. minor . Xu et al . (2018) developed 60 microsatellite primers for Spirodela polyrhiza , 19 of which were polymorphic within three populations of S. polyrhiza from China.…”

“…Wani et al (2014) developed nine polymorphic and 24 monomorphic haplotype cpDNA-based microsatellite primers for L. minor. Xu et al (2018) developed 60 microsatellite primers for Spirodela polyrhiza, 19 of which were polymorphic within three populations of S. polyrhiza from China. Feng et al (2017) developed three microsatellite primers for the identification of S. polyrhiza and Landoltia punctata haplotypes.…”

Intraspecific Diversity in Aquatic Ecosystems: Comparison between Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor in Natural Populations of Duckweed

“…However, the characterization of intraspecific genetic variations, i.e., distinct identification of clones within a given species is still at its infant stage [ 27 ]. Most recent efforts in this direction are genotyping clones of S. polyrhiza by sequencing NB-ARC-related genes [ 28 ] and application of genotyping-by-sequencing [ 29 ], or even SSR markers [ 30 , 31 ]. Nevertheless, cross-species amplification for NB-ARC-related genes and Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers is low within duckweeds [ 28 , 31 ].…”