Characterization of a 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Chronic Dermatitis Model in Rats

Abstract

Although many mouse models of atopic dermatitis have been reported, few rat models have been studied. In this study, a rat chronic allergic dermatitis model was developed and evaluated as a pharmacological model of atopic dermatitis. Prominent ear thickening and scratching were induced after the application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene to the right ear of Brown Norway rats 3 times per week for 3 weeks. Histopathologically, infiltration of T cells in the ear was observed on day 7, and eosinophils and mast cells were found in addition to T cells on day 21. The expression of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 was increased on day 7 when compared with normal rats. However, interferon-γ expression had disappeared by day 21. Tacrolimus ointment applied after ear tissue thickening fully developed, suppressed chronic dermatitis in a dose-dependent manner. This model has some symptomatic and histopathological similarities to atopic dermatitis and might be useful in pharmacological studies.

Differential Changes in the Peptidergic and the Non-Peptidergic Skin Innervation in Rat Models for Inflammation, Dry Skin Itch, and Dermatitis

“…The dermatitis model also showed an increase in scratching behavior but now accompanied by lower mechanical thresholds. This hypersensitivity indicates that the application of dinitrochlorobenzene to induce itch also induced inflammation, as noted previously (Fujii et al, 2009;Park and Oh, 2014). The CFA model showed a significant increase in mechanical sensitivity without an increase in scratching behavior, indicating that this model induced inflammation without itch (Hossaini et al, 2010).…”

“…In this study, we investigated the changes in the density of peptidergic and non-peptidergic fibers occurring in the epidermis and upper dermis during chronic itch and during chronic inflammation using three different animal models: the dry skin model (Akiyama et al, 2010), which has been shown to induce itch without inflammation, the dermatitis model (Fujii et al, 2009), which induces itch accompanied by inflammation, and the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) model, which is widely used as a model of chronic inflammation without itch (Stein et al, 1988;Hossaini et al, 2010).…”

Sea Buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) Oil Improves Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions via Inhibition of NF-κB and STAT1 Activation

“…In mice, skin and immunological alterations in DNCB-induced dermatitis were similar to those observed in human AD [24,25,26], including clinical features such as skin erosion, hemorrhage, edema, and increased serum IgE levels [27]. Therefore, the DNCB-induced BALB/c mice model was adopted to evaluate the effects of SBT oil on AD in vivo.…”

Effect of Eriodictyol on the Development of Atopic Dermatitis-Like Lesions in ICR Mice

“…DNCB is an extensively studied animal model of AD and is preferred due to its reproducibility and repeatability. 22,23) In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of eriodictyol on DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in ICR mice. We separated the groups into control, AD-like model, and eriodictyol treatment groups.…”