Characterization of a collection of Enterobacter sakazakii isolates from environmental and food sources

Drudy, Denise; O?Rourke, Michele; Murphy, Mary; Mullane, Niall; O’Mahony, Rebecca; Kelly, Lorraine; Fischer, Matthias; Sanjaq, Suhad; Shannon, Pauline; Wall, Patrick; O’Mahony, M.; Whyte, Paul; Fanning, Séamus

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.02.008

Cited by 86 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This has generated significant concern over the non-sterile condition of this product and the regulatory standards governing the presence of this ubiquitous, opportunistic pathogen in infant formula powder (FAO-WHO, 2006). While recent studies have focused on the identification and classification of this genetically diverse species, very little is known concerning virulence (Drudy et al, 2006;Iversen et al, 2006;Iversen & Forsythe, 2007). Studies on toxin production by Pagotto et al (2003) showed the production of cytotoxins or enterotoxins by clinical isolates and therefore these may contribute to a possible mechanism of pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterobacter sakazakii invades brain capillary endothelial cells, persists in human macrophages influencing cytokine secretion and induces severe brain pathology in the neonatal rat

et al. 2007

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Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen associated with contaminated powdered infant formula and a rare cause of Gram-negative sepsis that can develop into meningitis and brain abscess formation in neonates. Bacterial pathogenesis remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, the host inflammatory response was evaluated following intracranial inoculation of Ent. sakazakii into infant rats. Infiltrating macrophages and neutrophils composed multiple inflammatory foci and contained phagocytosed bacteria. Several genotypically distinct Ent. sakazakii strains (16S cluster groups 1-4) were shown to invade rat capillary endothelial brain cells (rBCEC4) in vitro. Further, the persistence of Ent. sakazakii in macrophages varied between strains. The presence of putative sod genes and SOD activity may influence the survival of acidic conditions and macrophage oxidase and contribute to Ent. sakazakii intracellular persistence. The influence of macrophage uptake of Ent. sakazakii on immunoregulatory cytokine expression was assessed by ELISA. This demonstrated that the IL-10/IL-12 ratio is high after 24 h. This is suggestive of a type 2 immune response which is inefficient in fighting intracellular infections. These findings may help explain how the diversity in virulence traits among Ent. sakazakii isolates and an unsuccessful immune response contribute to the opportunistic nature of this infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterobacter sakazakii invades brain capillary endothelial cells, persists in human macrophages influencing cytokine secretion and induces severe brain pathology in the neonatal rat

et al. 2007

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“…are a group of emerging opportunistic food-borne pathogens that causes rare cases of neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and enterocolitis (4,9,24,32,46). Typical vehicles of infection are temperature-abused, contaminated infant formula and dried food products, and these organisms have been cultured from a variety of food production environments (13,17,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Cronobacter Lipopolysaccharide O-Antigen Gene Clusters and Development of Serotype-Specific PCR Assays

Jarvis

Grim

Franco

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Cronobacter (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) is a recently defined genus consisting of six species, C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. dublinensis, C. muytjensii, C. turicensis, and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. In this study, MboII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of O-antigen gene clusters, located between galF and gnd, were used to identify serotypes in Cronobacter spp. Seven O-antigen RFLP clusters were generated, including three C. sakazakii clusters, previously identified as serotypes O1, O2, and O3. The O-antigen regions of six strains with unique RFLP patterns, including two C. sakazakii strains, two C. malonaticus strains, one C. turicensis strain, and one C. muytjensii strain, revealed three O-antigen gene clusters shared among Cronobacter species. PCR assays were developed, targeting the wzx O-antigen polymerase gene, and used to screen 231 Cronobacter strains to determine the frequency of these newly identified serotypes.

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“…Кроме того, бактерии Enterobacter sakazakii могут попасть в сырье или пищевые продукты в процессе их производства с водой, в том числе питьевой с производственной пылью или воздухом. Таким образом, этот микроор-ганизм должен рассматриваться как потенциальный загрязнитель пищевых продуктов в пищевой цепи в их производства [9,10].…”

Section: Enterobacter Sakazakii в окружающей средеunclassified

“…H. L. Muytjens (1990), M. C. Kandhai (2010) и др. не обнаружили бактерии Enterobacter sakazakii в сыром коровьем молоке [6,9,10,12]. Этот микроорганизм был изолирован из продуктов питания молочных продук-тов (сыр, масло), мяса и мясных продуктов, фруктов, специй, напитков [9][10][11].…”

Section: Enterobacter Sakazakii в сыром молоке и пище-вых продуктахunclassified

Identification of Enterobacter sakazakii in raw milk for dry infant formula production

Бергилевич

Гришина

Касянчук

2014

EEJET

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Characterization of a collection of Enterobacter sakazakii isolates from environmental and food sources

Cited by 86 publications

References 22 publications

Enterobacter sakazakii invades brain capillary endothelial cells, persists in human macrophages influencing cytokine secretion and induces severe brain pathology in the neonatal rat

Enterobacter sakazakii invades brain capillary endothelial cells, persists in human macrophages influencing cytokine secretion and induces severe brain pathology in the neonatal rat

Molecular Characterization of Cronobacter Lipopolysaccharide O-Antigen Gene Clusters and Development of Serotype-Specific PCR Assays

Identification of Enterobacter sakazakii in raw milk for dry infant formula production

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