Characterization of a Live-Attenuated Retroviral Vaccine Demonstrates Protection via Immune Mechanisms

Dittmer, Ulf; Brooks, Diane M.; Hasenkrug, Kim J.

doi:10.1128/jvi.72.8.6554-6558.1998

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Infected cells in the spleen were determined using an infectious center assay 56. To detect viral antigen, blood cells were stained for expression of FV glycolysated Gag protein (monoclonal antibody 34) and analyzed by flow cytometry 58. Seven mice per group were analyzed and the mean value for each group is indicated by a bar.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infectious centers from spleens were detected by tenfold dilutions of single‐cell suspensions onto M. dunni cells. Cultures were incubated for 4 days, fixed with ethanol, stained with F‐MuLV envelope‐specific monoclonal antibody 720 58, and developed with peroxidase‐conjugated goat anti‐mouse and aminoethylcarbazole to detect foci. For the quantification of FV‐infected blood cells, suspension of nucleated live cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti‐retroviral effects of type I IFN subtypes in vivo

et al. 2009

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Type I IFN play a very important role in immunity against viral infections. Murine type I IFN belongs to a multigene family including 14 IFN-a subtypes but the biological functions of IFN-a subtypes in retroviral infections are unknown. We have used the Friend retrovirus model to determine the anti-viral effects of IFN-a subtypes in vitro and in vivo. IFN-a subtypes a1, a4, a6 or a9 suppressed Friend virus (FV) replication in vitro, but differed greatly in their anti-viral efficacy in vivo. Treatment of FV-infected mice with the IFN-a subtypes a1, a4 or a9, but not a6 led to a significant reduction in viral loads. Decreased splenic viral load after IFN-a1 treatment correlated with an expansion of activated FV-specific CD8 1 T cells and NK cells into the spleen, whereas in IFN-a4-and -a9-treated mice it exclusively correlated with the activation of NK cells. The results demonstrate the distinct anti-retroviral effects of different IFN-a subtypes, which may be relevant for new therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐retroviral effects of type I IFN subtypes in vivo

et al. 2009

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“…The model used is complex but interesting, as it is one of the few models of an immunosuppressive retrovirus inducing disease in immunocompetent mice. Challenge is performed with a combination of two viruses: a nonpathogenic replication-competent helper virus (F-MuLV), which contains all the required immunological determinants, and a replicationdefective virus, spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV), required for pathogenicity in adult mice (Dittmer et al, 1998). Immunization with attenuated F-MuLV elicits highly protective immune responses.…”

Section: B Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antiviral activity of antibodies in vitro and in vivo

Parren

Burton

2001

Advances in Immunology

236

191

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“…We have used the Friend virus (FV) model in mice to study the protection induced by vaccination with a live attenuated retrovirus (7,9). FV was the first model in which vaccine protection by infection with a live attenuated retrovirus was described (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Pathogenic FV is a retroviral complex comprised of two components. The first is a nonpathogenic replication-competent helper virus, Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), which contains the immunological determinants necessary for immunization (7). The second component is a replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV), which is required for pathogenicity in adult mice (for a review, see reference 24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the Development of Protective Immunity in Mice Vaccinated with a Live Attenuated Retrovirus

Dittmer

Race

Hasenkrug

1999

J Virol

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Vaccination of mice with a live attenuated vaccine virus induces potent protection against subsequent challenge with pathogenic Friend retroviral complex. The kinetic studies presented here demonstrate protection from acute splenomegaly as early as 1 week postvaccination. At this time point virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were demonstrable in direct chromium release assays. However, during the first 2 weeks after vaccination protection was incomplete since the mice were not protected against establishment of low-level persistent infections in the spleen. By 3 weeks postvaccination the animals were protected against the establishment of persistent virus as well as acute splenomegaly. The timing of this complete protection correlated with the presence of both virus-neutralizing antibodies and primed CTL in the immunized mice. Within 3 days of virus challenge, vaccinated mice showed high levels of activated B cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, indicating an efficient priming of all lymphocyte subsets. Despite very limited replication of the vaccine virus, the protective effect was long lived and was still present 6 months after immunization.

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Characterization of a Live-Attenuated Retroviral Vaccine Demonstrates Protection via Immune Mechanisms

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Anti‐retroviral effects of type I IFN subtypes in vivo

Anti‐retroviral effects of type I IFN subtypes in vivo

The antiviral activity of antibodies in vitro and in vivo

Kinetics of the Development of Protective Immunity in Mice Vaccinated with a Live Attenuated Retrovirus

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