Characterization of a Macro- and Micro-Textured Titanium Grade 5 Alloy Surface Obtained by Etching Only without Sandblasting

Szmukler‐Moncler, Serge; Blus, Cornelio; Schwarz, David; Orrù, Germano

doi:10.3390/ma13225074

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The main materials for the production of dental implants are titanium and its alloys. For commercialized dental implants, the following grades of alloys are mainly used [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]: The number of publications (%) is presented relative to their total number for all groups of materials (SS+Ti+Zr+Ta).…”

Section: Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grade 2 (cp-Ti) [53][54][55][56][57]-commercial pure titanium containing up to 0.3% iron; • Grade 4 (cp-Ti) [57][58][59][60][61], which contains about 99% titanium and up to 0.5% iron; • Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V alloy) [62][63][64][65][66][67], which is an alloy of titanium (88%) with aluminum (up to 6.75%) and vanadium (up to 4.5%);…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental Implants: Modern Materials and Methods of Their Surface Modification

Sotova,

Yanushevich,

Kriheli

et al. 2023

Materials

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The development of dental implantology is based on the detailed study of the interaction of implants with the surrounding tissues and methods of osteogenesis stimulation around implants, which has been confirmed by the increasing number of scientific publications presenting the results of studies related to both the influence of the chemical composition of dental implant material as well as the method of its surface modification on the key operational characteristics of implants. The main materials for dental implant manufacturing are Ti and its alloys, stainless steels, Zr alloys (including ceramics based on ZrO2), and Ta and its alloys, as well as other materials (ceramics based on Al2O3, Si3N4, etc.). The review presents alloy systems recommended for use in clinical practice and describes their physical–mechanical and biochemical properties. However, when getting into the body, the implants are subjected to various kinds of mechanical influences, which are aggravated by the action of an aggressive biological environment (electrolyte with a lot of Cl− and H+); it can lead to the loss of osteointegration and to the appearance of the symptoms of the general intoxication of the organism because of the metal ions released from the implant surface into the biological tissues of the organism. Since the osteointegration and biocompatibility of implants depend primarily on the properties of their surface layer (it is the implant surface that makes contact with the tissues of the body), the surface modification of dental implants plays an important role, and all methods of surface modification can be divided into mechanical, physical, chemical, and biochemical methods (according to the main effect on the surface). This review discusses several techniques for modifying dental implant surfaces and provides evidence for their usefulness.

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Section: Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Titanium and Its Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental Implants: Modern Materials and Methods of Their Surface Modification

Sotova,

Yanushevich,

Kriheli

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have documented the simultaneous effect of acid etching on the thread geometry of the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy dental implant product, its surface properties, and cytocompatibility. Moreover, fewer studies have been conducted on the SLA surface of grade 5 titanium alloys, but the effect of the etching parameter has not been discussed with regard to the surface morphology [ 27 , 28 ]. Since the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy is also used for the fabrication of dental implants by various manufacturers and possesses a heterogeneous composition a compared to CP-titanium, SLA surface fabrication on this alloy also needs the optimization of the acid etching process parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Role of Etching Parameters in the Evolution of Nano Micro SLA Surface on the Ti6Al4V Alloy Dental Implants

2021

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The surface of dental implants plays a vital role in early and more predictable osseointegration. SLA (sandblasted large grit and acid-etched) represents the most widely accepted, long-term clinically proven surface. Primarily, dental implants are manufactured by either commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) or Ti6Al4V ELI alloy. The acid etch behavior of CP-Ti is well known and its effects on the surface microstructure and physicochemical properties have been studied by various researchers in the past. However, there is a lack of studies showing the effect of acid etching parameters on the Ti6Al4V alloy surface. The requirement of the narrow diameter implants necessitates implant manufacturing from alloys due to their high mechanical properties. Hence, it is necessary to have an insight on the behavior of acid etching of the alloy surface as it might be different due to changed compositions and microstructure, which can further influence the osseointegration process. The present research was carried out to study the effect of acid etching parameters on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy surface properties and the optimization of process parameters to produce micro- and nanotopography on the dental implant surface. This study shows that the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy depicts an entirely different surface topography compared to CP-Ti. Moreover, the surface topography of the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy was also different when etching was done at room temperature compared to high temperature, which in turn affected the behavior of the cell on these surfaces. Both microns and nano-level topography were achieved through the optimized parameters of acid etching on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy dental implant surface along with improved roughness, hydrophilicity, and enhanced cytocompatibility.

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“…Alternatively, resorbable blast media (RBM) and sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants were found to be safely preferable with proper case selection [ 8 ]. Furthermore, UMUT-SLA and tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (TCP/HA) surfaces improved the BIC value, and induced accumulated bone density during the osseointegration period (six weeks) [ 9 , 10 ]. Moreover, modifying the surface of the titanium implant with ultrafine-grain titanium (UFG-59-Ti) results in superior mechanical properties and maintained cytocompatibility and osseointegration potential [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic and Histomorphometric Evaluation of a New Bioactive Liquid BBL on Implant Surface: A Preclinical Study in Foxhound Dogs

et al. 2021

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Background: Bioactive chemical surface modifications improve the wettability and osseointegration properties of titanium implants in both animals and humans. The objective of this animal study was to investigate and compare the bioreactivity characteristics of titanium implants (BLT) pre-treated with a novel bone bioactive liquid (BBL) and the commercially available BLT-SLA active. Methods: Forty BLT-SLA titanium implants were placed in in four foxhound dogs. Animals were divided into two groups (n = 20): test (BLT-SLA pre-treated with BBL) and control (BLT-SLA active) implants. The implants were inserted in the post extraction sockets. After 8 and 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and mandibles were extracted, containing the implants and the surrounding soft and hard tissues. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC), inter-thread bone area percentage (ITBA), soft tissue, and crestal bone loss were evaluated by histology and histomorphometry. Results: All animals were healthy with no implant loss or inflammation symptoms. All implants were clinically and histologically osseo-integrated. Relative to control groups, test implants demonstrated a significant 1.5- and 1.7-fold increase in BIC and ITBA values, respectively, at both assessment intervals. Crestal bone loss was also significantly reduced in the test group, as compared with controls, at week 8 in both the buccal crests (0.47 ± 0.32 vs 0.98 ± 0.51 mm, p < 0.05) and lingual crests (0.39* ± 0.3 vs. 0.89 ± 0.41 mm, p < 0.05). At week 12, a pronounced crestal bone loss improvement was observed in the test group (buccal, 0.41 ± 0.29 mm and lingual, 0.54 ± 0.23 mm). Tissue thickness showed comparable values at both the buccal and lingual regions and was significantly improved in the studied groups (0.82–0.92 mm vs. 33–48 mm in the control group). Conclusions: Relative to the commercially available BLT-SLA active implants, BLT-SLA pre-treated with BBL showed improved histological and histomorphometric characteristics indicating a reduced titanium surface roughness and improved wettability, promoting healing and soft and hard tissue regeneration at the implant site.

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Characterization of a Macro- and Micro-Textured Titanium Grade 5 Alloy Surface Obtained by Etching Only without Sandblasting

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Dental Implants: Modern Materials and Methods of Their Surface Modification

Dental Implants: Modern Materials and Methods of Their Surface Modification

Critical Role of Etching Parameters in the Evolution of Nano Micro SLA Surface on the Ti6Al4V Alloy Dental Implants

Histologic and Histomorphometric Evaluation of a New Bioactive Liquid BBL on Implant Surface: A Preclinical Study in Foxhound Dogs

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