Characterization of a TEM cell-based setup for the exposure of biological cell suspensions to high-intensity nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs)

Kohler, Sophie; Vu, Thi Dan Thao; Vernier, P. Thomas; Lévêque, Philippe

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2012.6259503

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, one should be aware that depending on the pulse applicator (electroporation cuvettes, microchambers, microfluific biochips,…), the pulse across the biological load can be significantly different from the pulse measured across an ideal 50 Ω load, especially when the pulse duration decreases [33]. To maximize the energy transfer to the biological load with pulses of a few nanoseconds or less, we are currently developing and characterizing wideband pulse delivery systems with coaxial connectors [43]. The systems fit under a microscope so that the cell response to the electrical pulses can be observed in real time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A versatile high voltage nano- and sub-nanosecond pulse generator

Kohler

Couderc

O'Connor

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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High-voltage (HV) ultrashort pulse technologies have found many applications in areas such as medicine, biology, food processing, environmental science and defense. Some applications are dependent on the pulse parameters such as duration, amplitude, shape, as well as the number of pulses applied and the frequency rate. Generators that can produce powerful electrical pulses with adjustable duration, amplitude and shape are convenient but still unusual. In this paper, we present and characterize a robust and versatile generator built on the frozen wave generator concept using photoconductive semiconductor switches. The results show that the generator can produce pulses of various shapes, peak-to-peak amplitudes up to 13.1 kV, maximum amplitudes of 6.9 kV and with durations in the nanosecond and subnanosecond range. Intense subnanosecond pulses have recently gained attention due to their potential ability to reach cells interior.Index Terms -High voltage, optoelectronic switching, versatile nanosecond and subnanosecond pulse generation, pulse shaping, biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A versatile high voltage nano- and sub-nanosecond pulse generator

Kohler

Couderc

O'Connor

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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“…It is known that small TEM cells have a high useful frequency band. We have previously used the TEM cell shown in Figure 1 as a delivery system for microwaves [8,9,14,27,28] and for nanosecond electric pulses [17,29,30]. The biological sample was placed in a 35-mm Petri dish centered above the TEM cell lower plate.…”

Section: Opened Tem Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Analysis of an Aperture Modified Tem Cell Including an Ito Layer for Real-Time Observation of Biological Cells Exposed to Microwaves

Soueid¹,

Kohler²,

Carr³

et al. 2014

PIER

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Abstract-We propose to analyze the aperture and ITO layer presence of a modified transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell. This TEM cell can be used to study the potential effects of microwave electromagnetic fields on biological cells. This modified delivery device allows real-time observation of biological cells during exposure. Microscopic observation is achieved through an aperture in the lower wall of the TEM cell that is sealed with a 700-nm film of the transparent conducting material Indium tin oxide (ITO). To determine the device efficiency, numerical and experimental electromagnetic dosimetry was conducted. For assessing the effect of the aperture on the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the exposed sample, a plastic Petri dish containing cell culture medium, full-wave 3-D electromagnetic simulations and temperature measurements were performed. For 1-W input power, the SAR values obtained at 1.8 GHz in the sample exposed in the TEM cell with the sealed or non-sealed aperture of 20-mm diameter were 1.1 W/kg and 23.6 W/kg, respectively. An excellent homogeneity of the SAR distribution was achieved when the aperture was sealed with the ITO layer. The performance of the delivery system was confirmed by microwave exposure and simultaneous observation of living cells.

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“…A first complete study is carried out in an open transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell exposure system that contains a FluoroDish. Although TEM cells have been used as a macrosystem in bioelectromagnetic studies for in vitro experiments [1,8,9], real-time microscopic observations studies with FluoroDishes are rather uncommon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodamine B Temperature Dosimetry of Biological Samples Interacting with Electromagnetic Fields in Macrosystems

Nefzi¹,

Carr²,

Dalmay³

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)

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Exposing living cells to a certain level of Electromagnetic Field (EMF) might induce some biological effects including temperature elevation. In this paper, we show the dosimetry of exposure systems such as an Open Transverse Electro-Magnetic (TEM) cell allowing the study of the effect of EMF on biological samples exposed to 1.8 GHz signals.Temperature measurements are carried out with a fluorooptic probe to extract specific absorption rate (SAR) values that are compared to numerical dosimetry, based on a FDTD method. To investigate dosimetry at a microscopic level the fluorescence of the temperature dependent dye Rhodamine B was measured with fluorescence microscopy. The results are confirmed by measurements and simulations with a SAR of 13.9 and 11.8 W/kg for 1 W incident power, respectively. Results evidence that the objective working distance of the microscope strongly influence SAR values. After calibration, the fluorescence fits well with the temperature variation measured by the probe.

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Characterization of a TEM cell-based setup for the exposure of biological cell suspensions to high-intensity nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs)

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

A versatile high voltage nano- and sub-nanosecond pulse generator

A versatile high voltage nano- and sub-nanosecond pulse generator

Electromagnetic Analysis of an Aperture Modified Tem Cell Including an Ito Layer for Real-Time Observation of Biological Cells Exposed to Microwaves

Rhodamine B Temperature Dosimetry of Biological Samples Interacting with Electromagnetic Fields in Macrosystems

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