Characterization of an antigenic oligosaccharide from Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and its role in immunity

Midwinter, Anne C.; Vinh, Tu; Faine, S.; Adler, Ben

doi:10.1128/iai.62.12.5477-5482.1994

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Evidence from a number of studies has suggested that the serovar-specific and/or serogroup-specific antigens might be outer-membrane glycolipids and lipopolysaccharides of L. interrogans (Barnett et al, 1999;Brown et al, 1991;Cho et al, 1992;Shinagawa & Yanagawa, 1972). Glycolipid antigens have been suggested to play a major role in immunity, and to contribute to the production of agglutinating and opsonic antibodies (Adachi & Yanagawa, 1977;Farrelly et al, 1987;Jost et al, 1986;Masuzawa et al, 1990;Midwinter et al, 1994). Although, several published reports have described various methods for assessing size variation of the lipopolysaccharide antigens of L. interrogans (Cho et al, 1992;Gitton et al, 1992;Masuzawa et al, 1990;Zuerner et al, 1991), the utility of these tests remains controversial, such as the variable degree of serovar specificity of 21-31 kDa antigens determined by SDS-PAGE and ELISA (Cho et al, 1992), the detection of 21-26 kDa as serovar-specific or serogroup-specific antigens among seven leptospiral strains by immunoblotting (Gitton et al, 1992), and the identification of 23-30 kDa antigens of L. interrogans serovar Canicola with silver stain on SDS-PAGE (Masuzawa et al, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira

Doungchawee

Sirawaraporn

Icksang-Ko

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by a spirochaete bacterium, Leptospira. Serological detection of this micro-organism basically relies on a conventional microscopic agglutination test (MAT), which has some limitations and disadvantages. In the present study, immunoblotting has been applied as an alternative method for differentiating serogroups and serovars of leptospires. Leptospiral whole-cell lysates from a total of 26 serovars were subjected to immunoblotting using rabbit antisera against individual serovars. The findings clearly demonstrated that the pattern of immunoreactive bands could be used to differentiate between leptospires of different serogroups, consistent with MAT results. There was a multi-band pattern that was unique for the pathogenic Leptospira antigens and was not observed in the non-pathogenic Leptospira biflexa and non-leptospiral bacteria (i.e. Escherichia coli, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Helicobacter pylori). For pathogenic Leptospira species, a prominent smear-like band at approximately 19–30 kDa was present when the antigens were probed with the homologous antisera. The molecular size of the prominent band, although it showed a cross-reaction between members within the same serogroup, differed among different serovars. The results obtained from polyclonal antibodies (antisera) were confirmed using mAb. With its simplicity and safety of experimental procedures, it is proposed that immunoblotting may potentially be useful as an alternative method for differentiating between serogroups of leptospires.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira

Doungchawee

Sirawaraporn

Icksang-Ko

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…15 Immunity is strongly restricted to the homologous serovar or closely related serovars. [16][17][18] Nine cases (64%) of leptospirosis occurred in nonresidents of the Yaeyama Islands. This finding may suggest that nonresidents are more susceptible to leptospirosis in the Yaeyama Islands, due to a lack of immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis After Recreational Exposure to Water in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan

Narita

Fujitani²,

Haake³

et al. 2005

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease with a variety of clinical manifestations. We report an outbreak of leptospirosis in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan, in the summer of 1999 associated with heavy rainfall. Fourteen people were diagnosed with leptospirosis and required hospitalization. All cases were found to have exposure to contaminated soil or water. A history of recreational activities involving water sports was more frequent (71%) than occupational risk factors related to agriculture or construction (29%). Fever was the primary symptom in all cases, followed by chills (93%), headache (86%), myalgias (57%) and conjunctival suffusion (57%). All cases were successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy except one patient who improved spontaneously. Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions were seen in six cases (43%). The increasing incidence of leptospirosis related to recreational sports is an important public health problem in resort areas. A high-index of suspicion, early treatment, and prevention are crucial in this latently endemic area.

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“…Moreover, an immunogenicity of oligosaccharide fraction from the LPS of L. interrogans serovar Pomona was reported [ 102 ]. The oligosaccharide was isolated by endo-glycosidase H digestion and column chromatography purification.…”

Section: Lps Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oligosaccharide was isolated by endo-glycosidase H digestion and column chromatography purification. When conjugated to diphtheria toxoid, the oligosaccharide caused production of a significant amount of protective antibodies [ 102 ].…”

Section: Lps Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis vaccines

2007

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Leptospirosis is a serious infection disease caused by pathogenic strains of the Leptospira spirochetes, which affects not only humans but also animals. It has long been expected to find an effective vaccine to prevent leptospirosis through immunization of high risk humans or animals. Although some leptospirosis vaccines have been obtained, the vaccination is relatively unsuccessful in clinical application despite decades of research and millions of dollars spent. In this review, the recent advancements of recombinant outer membrane protein (OMP) vaccines, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vaccines, inactivated vaccines, attenuated vaccines and DNA vaccines against leptospirosis are reviewed. A comparison of these vaccines may lead to development of new potential methods to combat leptospirosis and facilitate the leptospirosis vaccine research. Moreover, a vaccine ontology database was built for the scientists working on the leptospirosis vaccines as a starting tool.

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Characterization of an antigenic oligosaccharide from Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and its role in immunity

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira

Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira

Leptospirosis After Recreational Exposure to Water in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan

Leptospirosis vaccines

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