Characterization of an epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase involved in tolerance in the silkworm larvae after long term exposure to insecticides

RNA interference of two glutathione S‐transferase genes, Diaphorina citriDcGSTe2 and DcGSTd1, increases the susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) to the pesticides fenpropathrin and thiamethoxam

“…Up‐regulation of MdGST‐6A from M. domestica and PxGST3 from P. xylostella was associated with organophosphate detoxification . Increased expression of BmGSTE2 from B. mori and BtGST14 from B. tabaci had a specialized role in fenpropathrin and thiamethoxam detoxification . In this study, chlorpyrifos exposure increased the expression of DcGSTe1 , while DcGSTe2 and DcGSTd1 exhibited more than 4‐fold up‐regulation after thiamethoxam or fenpropathrin treatment.…”

“…Insect GSTs, particularly the delta and epsilon classes, are known to be involved in the metabolism of both plant defense compounds and insecticides, and have been identified as an important class of detoxification enzymes . In this study, we identified and characterized one delta class ( DcGSTd1 ) and two epsilon class ( DcGSTe1 and DcGSTe2 ) GST genes in D. citri .…”

“…Sequences of the extensively studied GST genes involved in insecticide detoxification from Aedes aegypti , Anopheles gambiae , Anopheles dirus , Musca domestica , B. mori , N. lugens , Spodoptera exigua and Plutella xylostella were downloaded from GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and/or Uniprot (http://www.uniprot.org/). These insect GST protein sequences were used as queries to perform an online tblastn search against the psyllids' non‐redundant (nr) nucleotide database.…”

“…Most GSTs with reported insecticide detoxification activity belong to one of these two classes . Examples include a delta class GST from Nilaparvata lugens responsible for pyrethroid resistance, an epsilon class GST gene ( BmGSTe2 ) from Bombyx mori responsible for organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide tolerance, and two epsilon class GST genes ( GSTe2 and GSTe7 ) from A. aegypti involved in dehydrochlorination of the organochlorine insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) . However, the GST genes conferring insecticide detoxification in D. citri remain to be identified.…”

Glutathione-S-Transferases in the Olfactory Organ of the Noctuid Moth Spodoptera littoralis, Diversity and Conservation of Chemosensory Clades

“…In S. littoralis , epsilon clade accounts for almost half of the described sequences, with various expression patterns ranging from ubiquitous to antennal enriched genes. SlitGSTe clustered with lepidopteran GSTe functionally involved in insecticide conjugation and protection against oxidative stress in B. mori, H. armigera, S. litura , and S. exigua (Huang et al, 2011; Yamamoto et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2015b; Xu et al, 2015; You et al, 2015; Zhou et al, 2015; Wan et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2016; Hirowatari et al, 2017; Labade et al, 2018). Moreover, three P. xylostella GSTe are also preferentially expressed in the antennae (He et al, 2017), suggesting a potential role in olfaction.…”