Characterization of aryl acylamidase activity from propanil‐resistant barnyardgrass (<i>Echinochloa crus‐galli</i> [L.] Beauv.)

Hirase, Kangetsu; Hoagland, Robert E.

doi:10.1111/j.1445-6664.2006.00218.x

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…When Echinochloa spp. evolved resistance to propanil, it was less of a surprise that it had upregulated an arylamidase similar to that of rice 19, 20…”

Section: Herbicide Selectivity—a Predictor Of Resistance Mechanisms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving understanding of the evolution of herbicide resistance

Gressel

2009

Pest Management Science

101

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A greater number of, and more varied, modes of resistance have evolved in weeds than in other pests because the usage of herbicides is far more extensive than the usage of other pesticides, and because weed seed output is so great. The discovery and development of selective herbicides are more problematic than those of insecticides and fungicides, as these must only differentiate between plant and insect or pathogen. Herbicides are typically selective between plants, meaning that before deployment there are already some crops possessing natural herbicide resistance that weeds could evolve. The concepts of the evolution of resistance and the mechanisms of delaying resistance have evolved as nature has continually evolved new types of resistance. Major gene target-site mutations were the first types to evolve, with initial consideration devoted mainly to them, but slowly 'creeping' resistance, gradually accruing increasing levels of resistance, has become a major force owing to an incremental accumulation of genetic changes in weed populations. Weeds have evolved mechanisms unknown even in antibiotic as well as other drug and pesticide resistances. It is even possible that cases of epigenetic 'remembered' resistances may have appeared.

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“…When Echinochloa spp. evolved resistance to propanil, it was less of a surprise that it had upregulated an arylamidase similar to that of rice 19, 20…”

Section: Herbicide Selectivity—a Predictor Of Resistance Mechanisms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving understanding of the evolution of herbicide resistance

Gressel

2009

Pest Management Science

101

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“…An arylacyl amidase active toward the herbicide propanil has been described in rice and competing weeds (Leah et al 1994). The enzyme responsible has yet to be characterized, though a mitochondrial protein appears to be the most likely candidate for catalyzing this unusual activity (Hirase and Hoagland 2006). In addition other hydrolytic processes can give rise to xenobiotic detoxification.…”

Section: Phase 1 Enzymes -Hydrolasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on the Metabolism and Detoxification of Synthetic Compounds in Plants

Edwards

Dixon

Cummins

et al. 2010

Plant Ecophysiology

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In attempting to understand the mechanisms by which plants process synthetic compounds we have developed the concept of the 'Xenome', which we define as 'the biosystem responsible for the detection, transport and detoxification of xenobiotics.' In particular the last 10 years have given us unprecedented insights into the proteins responsible for the metabolism and transport of xenobiotics within plant cells and how these systems are regulated. In this review we identify recent advances in our understanding of the xenome and its role in the detoxification and processing of pollutants and pesticides. In particular, we focus on the role of the phase 1 (oxidoreductase/ hydrolytic), phase 2 (bioconjugation), phase 3 (transport) and phase 4 (metabolic recycling) stages of xenobiotic metabolism and the biosensing systems which control their expression. Ultimately, by understanding the capability of the plant xenome to detoxify xenobiotics, we may be able to predict the likely fate and environmental risk of new synthetic compounds entering the environment and food chain.

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“…However, metabolism studies on the R‐BYG biotype showed that elevated metabolism was responsible for propanil resistance (Carey et al . 1997) and, later, enzyme‐isolation and characterization studies, using the R‐BYG and S‐BYG biotypes, substantiated the metabolic resistance mechanism in the R‐BYG biotype (Hirase & Hoagland 2006). Similar results were obtained for the R‐JR biotype (Martinez et al .…”

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confidence: 93%

Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

Sahid

Karso

Chuah

2011

Weed Biology and Management

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The resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil was investigated, based on propanil metabolism, aryl acylamidase activity, and chlorophyll fluorescence at the 8 week growth stage of L. chinensis.The concentration of propanil in the leaf and culm extracts of the resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes, as measured by gas chromatography (GC), was found to increase after propanil treatment.The concentration of propanil in the leaf and culm extracts of the S biotype at 72 h was 1.55 and 0.49 mg mL -1 , respectively. However, a lower concentration of propanil was observed in the R biotype, as compared to that in the S biotype.The residue of 3,4-dichloroaniline, as measured by GC, was detected only in the leaf extracts of the R biotype. In contrast, no residue of 3,4-dichloroaniline was observed in the S biotype.The level of aryl acylamidase in the leaf tissue extracts of the R biotype was~140% higher than that in the S biotype. The fluorescence studies showed that propanil inhibited the quantum efficiency of the photosystem II in both the R and S biotypes after 2 h of incubation time. However, when the leaf disks were transferred and incubated in deionized water for 48 h, the quantum efficiency increased in the R biotype but decreased in the S biotype. These results suggest that propanil metabolism, enhanced by aryl acylamidase activity, is the most likely factor contributing towards the mechanism of propanil resistance in L. chinensis plants at the 8 week growth stage.

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Characterization of aryl acylamidase activity from propanil‐resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus‐galli [L.] Beauv.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Evolving understanding of the evolution of herbicide resistance

Evolving understanding of the evolution of herbicide resistance

New Perspectives on the Metabolism and Detoxification of Synthetic Compounds in Plants

Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

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