Characterization of Bacteria on Aerosols From Dust Events in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa

Marone, Alioune; Kane, Coumba Touré; Mbengue, Malick; Jenkins, G. S.; Niang, Doudou Georges Massar; Drame, Mamadou Simina; Gernand, Jeremy M.

doi:10.1029/2019gh000216

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Further, Marone et al. ( 2020 ) show that bacteria exists on the surface of dust particles, with some serving as pathogens that could have health impacts in West Africa during the winter and spring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Meteorological Variables and Aerosols in the Transmission of COVID‐19 During Harmattan Season

et al. 2022

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The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), originating from the Wuhan region of China, has caused devastating damages across the world. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been reported in global transportation (Abu-Rayash & Dincer, 2020) and power system (Gulati et al., 2021). The greatest impact has been on the global health system, overwhelming the health care facilities of many developed and developing countries (Armocida et al., 2020). COVID-19 infections could be asymptomatic, symptomatic or presymptomatic leading to severe forms which require intubation and can lead to death (Lee et al., 2020). For instance, older patients with more than one underlying medical condition (e.g., hypertension, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney diseases etc.) are more predisposed to severe COVID-19 complications (Fang et al., 2020; R. T. CDC et al., 2020), although younger and healthier patients are more likely to respond faster to treatment (C. CDC et al., 2020;Wang et al., 2020). Multiple organ failure and cardiopulmonary complications, such as myopericarditis, pulmonary embolism and acute respiratory distress syndrome, represent some of the major complications of severe COVID-19. The COVID-19 outbreak has created a global health crisis. There are a total of 171,259,456 COVID-19 cases, 3,567,030 deaths worldwide as of 2 June 2021 (John Hopkins University, 2021) with Nigeria having the highest number of cases (166,534) and deaths (2,099) in West Africa. The first case of COVID-19 incidence was reported on 27 February 2020. Since then the reported confirmed cases increased considerably to about 1,350 cases before the end of the second month. Lagos State, Kano State and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) reported the highest number of cases in Nigeria. The Federal government of Nigeria and various State Governments imposed restrictive measures such suspension of all activities and religious gatherings, indefinite closure of public and private schools/institutions, extension of the travel ban to some countries, suspension of the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toure et al (2019) showed that there are many asthma cases and acute respiratory infections in Senegal throughout the year. Further, Marone et al (2020) show that bacteria exists on the surface of dust particles, with some serving as pathogens that could have health impacts in West Africa during the winter and spring.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Meteorological Variables and Aerosols in the Transmission of COVID‐19 During Harmattan Season

et al. 2022

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“…All studies were published between 2004 and 2021 [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The affected regions that were studied were Asia (32/51, 62.7%), followed by Europe (9/51, 17.6%), America (6/51, 11.8%), Africa (4/51, 7.8%) and Australia (1/51, 2.0%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Coxiela burnetti , as well as Coccidioides spp. fungus and influenza A virus [ 10 , 16 , 22 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The remaining studies reported opportunistic pathogens, mostly Bacillus spp., Aspergillus spp., etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Diseases Associated with Desert Dust Outbreaks: A Systematic Review

Vergadi

Rouva

Angeli

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Desert dust outbreaks and dust storms are the major source of particulate matter globally and pose a major threat to human health. We investigated the microorganisms transported with desert dust particles and evaluated their potential impact on human health. Methods: A systematic review of all reports on the association between non-anthropogenic desert dust pollution, dust microorganisms and human health is conducted. Results: In total, 51 articles were included in this review. The affected regions studied were Asia (32/51, 62.7%) followed by Europe (9/51, 17.6%), America (6/51, 11.8%), Africa (4/51, 7.8%) and Australia (1/51, 2.0%). The Sahara Desert was the most frequent source of dust, followed by Asian and American deserts. In 39/51 studies the dust-related microbiome was analyzed, while, in 12/51 reports, the association of desert dust with infectious disease outbreaks was examined. Pathogenic and opportunistic agents were isolated from dust in 24/39 (61.5%) and 29/39 (74.4%) of the studies, respectively. A significant association of dust events with infectious disease outbreaks was found in 10/12 (83.3%) reports. The infectious diseases that were mostly investigated with dust outbreaks were pneumonia, respiratory tract infections, COVID-19, pulmonary tuberculosis and coccidioidomycosis. Conclusions: Desert dust outbreaks are vehicles of a significant number of pathogenic or opportunistic microorganisms and limited data indicate an association between dust events and infectious disease outbreaks. Further research is required to strengthen the correlation between dust events and infectious diseases and subsequently guide preventive public health measures.

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“…At the Cape Verde islands, besides the ocean, mineral dust is an important aerosol particle source (Fomba et al, 2014). TEP are generally attributed to be ocean-derived compounds however, dust has often been reported to transport attached biological particles (Maki et al, 2019;Marone et al, 2020). During the MarParCloud campaign, dust influences were low to moderate and the aerosol particle mass was found to be predominantly of marine origin (Fomba et al, 2014;.…”

Section: Insert Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

High number concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in ambient aerosol particles and cloud water – A case study at the tropical Atlantic Ocean

Pinxteren

Robinson

Zeppenfeld

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) exhibit the properties of gels and are ubiquitously found in the world oceans. Possibly, TEP may enter the atmosphere as part of sea spray aerosol. Here, we report number concentrations of TEP (diameter > 4.5 µm) in ambient aerosol and cloud water samples from the tropical Atlantic Ocean as well as in generated aerosol particles using a plunging waterfall tank that was filled with the ambient sea water. The ambient TEP concentrations ranged between 7 × 102 and 3 × 104 #TEP m−3 in supermicron aerosol particles and correlations to sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) (R2 = 0.5) suggested some contribution via bubble bursting. Cloud water TEP concentrations were between 4 × 106 and 9 × 106 #TEP L−1 corresponding to equivalent air concentrations of 2–4 × 103 #TEP m−3. The TEP concentrations in the tank-generated aerosol particles, produced from the same waters and sampled with an equivalent system, were significantly lower (4 × 102–2 × 103 #TEP m−3) compared to the ambient concentrations. Based on Na+ concentrations in seawater and in the atmosphere, the enrichment factor for TEP in the atmosphere was calculated. The tank-generated TEP were enriched by a factor of 50 compared to sea water and, therefore, in-line with published enrichment factors for supermicron organic matter in general and TEP specifically. TEP enrichment in the ambient atmosphere was on average 1 × 103 in cloud water and 9 × 103 in ambient aerosol particles and therefore about two orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding enrichment from the tank study. Such high enrichment of supermicron particulate organic constituents in the atmosphere is uncommon and we propose that atmospheric TEP concentrations resulted from a combination of enrichment during bubble bursting transfer from the ocean and TEP in-situ formation in atmospheric phases. Abiotic in-situ formation might have occurred from aqueous reactions of dissolved organic precursors that were present in particle and cloud water samples, while biotic formation involves bacteria, which were abundant in the cloud water samples. The ambient TEP number concentrations were two orders of magnitude higher than recently reported ice nucleating particle (INP) concentrations measured at the same location. As TEP likely possess good properties to act as INP, in future experiments it is worth studying if a certain part of TEP contributes a fraction of the biogenic INP population.

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Characterization of Bacteria on Aerosols From Dust Events in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

The Role of Meteorological Variables and Aerosols in the Transmission of COVID‐19 During Harmattan Season

The Role of Meteorological Variables and Aerosols in the Transmission of COVID‐19 During Harmattan Season

Infectious Diseases Associated with Desert Dust Outbreaks: A Systematic Review

High number concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in ambient aerosol particles and cloud water – A case study at the tropical Atlantic Ocean

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