Characterization of Bacteriophages Cp1 and Cp2, the Strain-Typing Agents for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri

Ahmad, Abdelmonim Ali; Ogawa, Megumi; Kawasaki, Takeru; Fujie, Makoto; Yamada, Takashi

doi:10.1128/aem.02310-13

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Phage typing schemes have been employed for several phytopathogens for epidemiology studies (Toth et al, 1999; Ahmad et al, 2014). These systems allow the identification of a particular strain of a species based on their susceptibility to series of phage.…”

Section: Other Phage Applications Of the Past And Possible Future Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages and Bacterial Plant Diseases

et al. 2017

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Losses in crop yields due to disease need to be reduced in order to meet increasing global food demands associated with growth in the human population. There is a well-recognized need to develop new environmentally friendly control strategies to combat bacterial crop disease. Current control measures involving the use of traditional chemicals or antibiotics are losing their efficacy due to the natural development of bacterial resistance to these agents. In addition, there is an increasing awareness that their use is environmentally unfriendly. Bacteriophages, the viruses of bacteria, have received increased research interest in recent years as a realistic environmentally friendly means of controlling bacterial diseases. Their use presents a viable control measure for a number of destructive bacterial crop diseases, with some phage-based products already becoming available on the market. Phage biocontrol possesses advantages over chemical controls in that tailor-made phage cocktails can be adapted to target specific disease-causing bacteria. Unlike chemical control measures, phage mixtures can be easily adapted for bacterial resistance which may develop over time. In this review, we will examine the progress and challenges for phage-based disease biocontrol in food crops.

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Section: Other Phage Applications Of the Past And Possible Future Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages and Bacterial Plant Diseases

et al. 2017

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“…like temperature changes or starvation, but also biotic stress provoked by plant defence [257,258], competing microorganisms [259,260] or phages [261][262][263][264][265]. Even effects arising from regulation or cell-to-cell communication [266] have not been considered in metabolic models so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems and synthetic biology perspective of the versatile plant-pathogenic and polysaccharide-producing bacterium Xanthomonas campestris

et al. 2017

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Bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas are a major group of plant pathogens. They are hazardous to important crops and closely related to human pathogens. Being collectively a major focus of molecular phytopathology, an increasing number of diverse and intricate mechanisms are emerging by which they communicate, interfere with host signalling and keep competition at bay. Interestingly, they are also biotechnologically relevant polysaccharide producers. Systems biotechnology techniques have revealed their central metabolism and a growing number of remarkable features. Traditional analyses of Xanthomonas metabolism missed the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (glycolysis) as being a route by which energy and molecular building blocks are derived from glucose. As a consequence of the emerging full picture of their metabolism process, xanthomonads were discovered to have three alternative catabolic pathways and they use an unusual and reversible phosphofructokinase as a key enzyme. In this review, we summarize the synthetic and systems biology methods and the bioinformatics tools applied to reconstruct their metabolic network and reveal the dynamic fluxes within their complex carbohydrate metabolism. This is based on insights from omics disciplines; in particular, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Analysis of high-throughput omics data facilitates the reconstruction of organism-specific large-and genome-scale metabolic networks. Reconstructed metabolic networks are fundamental to the formulation of metabolic models that facilitate the simulation of actual metabolic activities under specific environmental conditions. SYSTEMS BIOLOGYIn recent years, systems and synthetic biology have substantially increased our understanding of many processes in life sciences at molecular and cellular levels [1][2][3]. Systems biology intends to understand the cell from a system-wide perspective. For over 100 years, life sciences have aimed at elucidating the details of molecular processes in organisms. In systems biology, scientists have started to inter-relate this data on a large scale in order to analyse the interactions of all elements [4,5], and thus initiate the decoding of entire systems, aiming at their quantitative understanding. This became possible with the development of high-throughput techniques associated with diverse computational methods and the availability of faster computing. Fundamental highthroughput methods are now routinely available in the fields of genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics, while additional specialized branches of omics disciplines have been developed, such as lipidomics [6][7][8], glycomics [9][10][11] and 13 C fluxomics [12,13].

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“…bacteriophage Xp10 (GenBank accession number AY299121) [45]. In addition, a sequence in the genomic contig of the Ralstonia-related blood disease bacterium R229 (GenBank accession number FR854082) was related to spacer Xcc_31; this sequence encodes a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase with homology to DNA polymerases of the Xanthomonas-specific bacteriophages phiL7, OP1 and Xp10 [58,59,60].…”

Section: Oryzae Bacteriophage Op1 (Genbank Accession Number Ap0089mentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri

Jeong

Muñoz-Bodnar

Rojas

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Xanthomonads are an important clade of Gram-negative bacteria infecting a plethora of economically important host plants, including citrus. Knowledge about the pathogen’s diversity and population structure are prerequisite for epidemiological surveillance and efficient disease management. Rapidly evolving genetic loci, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are of special interest to develop new molecular typing tools. Results: We analyzed CRISPR loci of 56 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains of world-wide origin, a regulated pathogen causing Asiatic citrus canker in several regions of the world. With one exception, 23 unique sequences built up the repertoire of spacers, suggesting that this set of strains originated from a common ancestor that already harbored these 23 spacers. One isolate originating from Pakistan contained a string of 14 additional, probably more recently acquired spacers indicating that this genetic lineage has or had until recently the capacity to acquire new spacers. Comparison of CRISPR arrays with previously obtained molecular typing data, such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms(AFLP), variable-number of tandem-repeats (VNTR) and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), demonstrated that these methods reveal similar evolutionary trajectories. Notably, genome analyses allowed to generate a model for CRISPR array evolution in X. citri pv. citri, which provides a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen. Conclusions: CRISPR-based typing will further improve the accuracy of the genetic identification of X. citri pv. citrioutbreak strains in molecular epidemiology analyses, especially when used concomitantly with another genotyping method.

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Characterization of Bacteriophages Cp1 and Cp2, the Strain-Typing Agents for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Bacteriophages and Bacterial Plant Diseases

Bacteriophages and Bacterial Plant Diseases

Systems and synthetic biology perspective of the versatile plant-pathogenic and polysaccharide-producing bacterium Xanthomonas campestris

CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri

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