Characterization of Candida species from Intensive Care Unit Isolates in a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India: A retrospective study

Dutta, Vikramjeet; Lyngdoh, Wihiwot Valarie; Bora, Ishani; Choudhury, Basabdatta; Khyriem, Annie Bakorlin; Bhattacharyya, Prithwis

doi:10.4103/2230-8598.165961

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Numerous factors contribute to the increased fungal infections. The most important is an immunecompromised ever-expanding population because of the rupture of the mucosal or cutaneous barrier, defects in cell-mediated immunity or in the function and of number neutrophils and extremes of age (Dutta et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Production of Two New Nonpolyenic Antifungal Macrolide Derivatives by Streptomyces Z26 Isolated from Moroccan Rhizospheric Soil

Nafis¹,

Oubaha²,

Elhidar³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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The aim of our study was to screen Moroccan actinomycete isolates able to produce nonpolyenic antifungal metabolites in order to contribute to limiting the problem of fungal infections emergence in particular mycotic diseases and to discover known antifungal families, especially nonpolyenic drugs. 480 isolates were tested against 5clinically pathogenic Candida species. Several methods have been used to study the polyenic or non-polyenic nature of the antifungal molecules produced by Actinobacteria (i) The study of the antibacterial activity (the bacterial plasma membrane is devoid of sterols); (ii) The screening of the antimicrobial activity of resistant strains to polyenic antifungals essentially Candida tropicalis R2 and Pythium irregular; (iii) The inhibition of antifungal activity by exogenous ergosterol addition in the culture medium and (iv) The UV-Visible light spectrophotometric analysis of the crude extracts of the actinomycete isolates. Among all isolate tested, only 60 (29 %) showed an antifungal activity against all test microorganisms used. Six active isolates meet all the selection criteria and produced nonpolyenic antifungal metabolites. The taxonomic study of the promising isolate Z26, using morphological, physiological and molecular characters, showed that it has 99,43% of similarity with Streptomyces phytohabitans but there were some differences in morphological characteristics. In addition, the chemical study, using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, of the bioactive substances produced in the Z26 isolate fermentation broth in NL300 culture medium allowed the determination of two macrolide derivatives with chemical structures C 62 H 100 O 24 (m/z 1251.6504 [M+Na] +) and C 68 H 110 O 26 (m/z 1365.7174 [M+Na] +). NMR experiments revealed that the active compounds were Novonestmycin A and B. The Novonestmycins A and B are for the first time produced by an actinomycete strain purely isolated from the Moroccan ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Production of Two New Nonpolyenic Antifungal Macrolide Derivatives by Streptomyces Z26 Isolated from Moroccan Rhizospheric Soil

Nafis¹,

Oubaha²,

Elhidar³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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A systematic review on distribution and antifungal resistance pattern ofCandidaspecies in the Indian population

et al. 2021

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The emergence of antifungal drug resistance in Candida species has led to increased morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Understanding species distribution and antifungal drug resistance patterns is an essential step for novel drug development. A systematic review was performed addressing this challenge in India with keywords inclusive of ‘Candida’, ‘Antifungal Drug Resistance’, ‘Candidemia’, ‘Candidiasis’ and ‘India’. A total of 106 studies (January 1978-March 2020) from 20 Indian states were included. Of over 11,429 isolates, Candida albicans was the major species accounting for 37.95% of total isolates followed by C. tropicalis (29.40%), C. glabrata (11.68%) and C. parapsilosis (8.36%). Rates of antifungal resistance were highest in non-albicans Candida (NAC) species - C. haemuloni (47.16%), C. krusei (28.99%), C. lipolytica (28.89%) and C. glabrata (20.69%). Approximately 10.34% isolates of C. albicans were observed to be drug-resistant. Candida species were frequently resistant to certain azoles (ketoconazole-22.2%, miconazole–22.1% and fluconazole–21.8%). In conclusion, the present systematic review illustrates the overall distribution and antifungal resistance pattern of Candida species among the Indian population that could be helpful in the future for the formation of treatment recommendations for the region but also elsewhere.

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Characterisation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species Isolated From Clinical Samples of Patients Attending Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar

Kumar¹,

Dey²,

Sen³

et al. 2018

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BACKGROUNDOf the various candida species, more than 90% of invasive infections are caused by Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida dubliniensis and Candida lusitaniae. Clinical manifestations range from mucocutaneous overgrowth to disseminated infections like candidaemia. Virulence factors like tissue adhesion, phenotypic switching and production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes are responsible for colonisation and invasion of host tissues along with host factors like immunocompromised states.The aim of this study is to characterise candida strains isolated from patients and to study their anti-fungal susceptibility pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODSSamples such as pus, sputum, blood and urine were collected from patients attending OPD's and IPD's of Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Casualty. In this study, primary isolation was done on blood and Sabouraud's dextrose agar from clinical samples. Species were identified based on production of coloured colonies on HiCrome agar and other phenotypic tests like germ tube and chlamydospores formation, sugar fermentation and assimilation tests. Statistical AnalysisStatistical analysis was carried out using online statistical software at http://www.physics.csbsju .edu/stats/contingency_NROW_NCOLUMN_form.html. Chi-square test was used to determine the probability. Study Design-This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar. RESULTSCandida species isolated were Candida albicans 38.5% followed by Candida famata 22.2%, Candida guilliermondii 17%, Candida tropicalis 6.7%, Candida kefyr 5.2%, Candida dubliniensis 3%, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis 2.2% each and Candida lusitaniae and Candida catenulata 1.5% each. Modified Kirby Bauer's Disc Diffusion method was used for performing anti-fungal susceptibility tests. Candida albicans and non-albicans candida were most sensitive to voriconazole (73.1% and 84.3%) and most resistant to miconazole (51.9% and 66.3% respectively). CONCLUSIONCandida albicans was the most frequently isolated species in the present study. Candida species was isolated most frequently from urine samples followed by vaginal swab and sputum. Highest number of candidiasis patients were from Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 57.0% followed by Paediatrics 17.8% and Medicine 14.1%. Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated candida species, 38.5%. Maximum number of Candida albicans strains showed dose-dependent sensitivity with nystatin 76.9%. NAC species showed resistance to miconazole 66.3% followed by ketoconazole 47% and fluconazole 25.03%.

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Characterization of Candida species from Intensive Care Unit Isolates in a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India: A retrospective study

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Novel Production of Two New Nonpolyenic Antifungal Macrolide Derivatives by Streptomyces Z26 Isolated from Moroccan Rhizospheric Soil

Novel Production of Two New Nonpolyenic Antifungal Macrolide Derivatives by Streptomyces Z26 Isolated from Moroccan Rhizospheric Soil

A systematic review on distribution and antifungal resistance pattern ofCandidaspecies in the Indian population

Characterisation and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species Isolated From Clinical Samples of Patients Attending Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar

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