Characterization of Cardiometabolic Risks in Different Combination of Anthropometric Parameters and Percentage Body Fat

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity was increasing and became a growing problem worldwide. Obesity increased the risk of developing metabolic abnormalities and was associated adverse health outcomes. Our aim was to examine the associations among different combinations of obesity phenotypes (high body mass index > 27 kg/m2 (O), high waist circumference (male > 90 cm, female > 80 cm) (W), fatty liver (F) and percentage body fat in top 40% (P)) and cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), metabolic syndrome (MetS)). A total of 48426 eligible subjects were categorized based on the different definitions. After adjusting for all covariables, participants with O + F + P combination were more likely associated with the presence of DM. Participants with O + W combination were more associated with the presence of HTN than others. Participants with O + W + F + P had higher risk for the presence of MetS than others. The study addressed the associations between different obesity phenotypes and DM and HTN in the adult population. Better understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlined individual vulnerability and progression of cardiometabolic insults.

Circulating Metabolites Associated with Body Fat and Lean Mass in Adults with Overweight/Obesity

“…However, BMI is an indirect estimate of adiposity as it does not distinguish between fat mass and lean mass. An abundance of evidence indicates an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases [ 2 , 3 ] and mortality [ 4 ] for those who have an increased body fat and/or reduced lean mass. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these two compartments of body composition with health outcomes are not fully understood.…”

Brazil and cashew nuts intake improve body composition and endothelial health in women at cardiometabolic risk (Brazilian Nuts Study): a randomised controlled trial

“…Weight control is a primary strategy to reduce the CVD burden (58) . At the same time, body fat reduction contributes to ameliorates metabolic alterations associated with overweight and obesity (59) . Therefore, for the first time, an randomised controlled trial evaluated the effect of Brazil and cashew nuts intake within an energy-restricted diet.…”

Short sleep duration is associated with higher risk of central obesity in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies

“… 13 Moreover, high waist circumference (WC) and high fat mass have been observed to be related to chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and other cardio‐metabolic complications. 14 Hence, not only general obesity but also abdominal adiposity and body fat mass deserve more investigation. Similar to general obesity, multiple observational studies have assessed the links between insufficient sleep as the predictor and central obesity or excess body fat as the outcomes.…”