Characterization of carotenoids in Lycium barbarum fruit by using UPC2-PDA-Q-TOF-MSE couple with deep eutectic solvents extraction and evaluation of their 5α-reductase inhibitory activity

Abstract

Carotenoids from Lycium barbarum fruits have possessed pharmacological efficacy against eye diseases, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, the efficient extraction, rapid characterization and activities evaluation of Lycium carotenoids remains a challenge. To concentrate and characterize Lycium carotenoids, we have developed ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and analyzed carotenoids by ultra-performance convergence chromatography coupled with photo diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPC2-PDA-Q-TOF-MSE). DESs containing choline chloride and malonic acid presented better extraction efficiency and were more environmentally friendly than other extraction methods. Carotenoids were more quickly profiled (in 11 min) by UPC2 compared to by UPLC (in 35 min), with seventeen main peaks were characterized in the MS fragmentation patterns. The in vitro 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of DESs extracts, fractions and components were subsequently assessed, and the predominant component zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD) exhibited potent inhibitory activity. Our study provides a chemical and pharmacological basis for the further development of potential new drugs based on Lycium carotenoids.

A comprehensive review on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and quality control of the genusLyciumin China

“…For example, gallic acid ( 161) and its derivatives have received increased attention because of their anti-tumour effects and they kill the parasites that cause trypanosomiasis, 100 while chlorogenic acid ( 164) is famous for its antibacterial, antiinflammatory, anti-virus, hepatopancreas and other aspects pharmacological properties. 101 Seventeen phenolic acids (155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160)(161)(162)(163)(164)(165)(166)(167)(168)(169)(170)(171) identified in the Lycium genus are listed in Fig. 6.…”

“…55,161 Although the analysis of carotenoids is challenging, the combination of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ultra-performance convergence chromatography (UPCC) was suggested to realize their efficient green extraction and characterization. 162 Total flavonoids is also a valid index for intense antioxidation and a prominent difference was observed for its content in Lycium fruit ranging from 1.17–2.63% among the 11 varieties detected by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). 163 It was also proposed to use AA-2βG as quality markers because of the excellent free radical scavenging activity, and its content was up to 1.33% in Lycium fruits determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).…”

Molecular Immuno-response Effects for Iraqi Lycium barbarm Carotenes upon Normal Human lymphocytes culture

“…9 Therefore, this fruit is considered as good food source in zeaxanthin content. 10 The present study represented a novel work that high lightened the biological activity for the wild Iraqi Lycium barbarm intended as a great worth for researcher knowledge specially the immunomodulatory effects Therefore, current research including this plant was aimed to estimate the effects of the extracted carotene towards normal human blood lymphocytes (CD3, CD4 & CD8) by using flow-cytometer, and to investigate IL-10 and TNF-α gene expression in the cultured lymphocytes using RT-PCR.…”