Characterization of clays from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) and evaluation for refractory brick manufacture

Pountouenchi, Amadou; Njoya, D.; Njoya, André; Rabibisao, D.; Mache, Jacques Richard; Yongue, Rose Fouateu; Njopwouo, D.; Fagel, Nathalie; Pilate, P.; Parys, Laurent Van

doi:10.1180/clm.2018.32

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The ring regime, especially at high temperatures, was too fast in the case of CR5 and CR16, due to high organic matter content and the occurrence of the entrapped air [26]. The nal dimensions are also aected by the mineralogical content of the composites, the size and morphology of the clay minerals particles, the share of uxes, the formation of gases and the expansive formation of cristobalite [1,28]. The total shrinkage was mainly related to the content of kaolinite in the composites.…”

Section: Dilatometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tested composites are determined as suitable for lining ceramic kilns or the parts of wagons. They can also be used for furnaces in the glass industry [1,5]. To avoid bloating of the product during ring, a slower ring regime than that used in this study should be applied, to ensure complete gas evolution [2].…”

Section: Additional Comments On the Usability Of Tested Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, these composites can be used in a fired state as an additive to the mixture for the production of chamotte or chamotte flour [49]. The opposite can be done by mixing 0.5 mm to several mm fractions of a chamotte, so even higher-quality refractory products could be obtained in these composites [1].…”

Section: Additional Comments On the Usability Of Tested Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "refractory clays" implies materials that can withstand service temperatures above 1100 °C, but preferably higher than 1500 °C [1]. These materials contain relatively low amounts of fluxes (SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , Na 2 O and K 2 O) and can be used in the linings of industrial ovens, furnaces, kilns, reactors, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raw kaolinitic–illitic clays as high-mechanical-performance hydraulically pressed refractories

Vasić

Radovanović

Pezo

et al. 2022

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The usage possibility of 19 composites of raw refractory clays from Serbia containing approximately 53.29% of SiO 2 and 26.73% of Al 2 O 3 is presented. The sum of uxing oxides was 57.74%, while these materials contained 32% of quartz, 29% of kaolinite and 26% of illite-mica. Dilatometry tests revealed a sudden shrinkage with the peak at approximately 1115 °C, owing to the formation of mullite. The refractoriness was in the range of 1581-1718 °C, which classies the composites from low-to high-duty refractories. Based on correlation analysis, the refractoriness mostly depended on the content of alumina. The lightness of the red test pieces was lower after ring when compared to the dry samples, and it decreased with the ring temperature from reddish to grayish. The study presents a novel attempt to dene all the necessary properties of raw refractory clays and products red at the 1100-1300 °C range on a laboratory level. Most of these clays can be used as natural refractory materials for ceramic and glass furnace lining. The organic matter in some of the samples inuences negatively the fast-ring process.

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Section: Dilatometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additional Comments On the Usability Of Tested Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additional Comments On the Usability Of Tested Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Raw kaolinitic–illitic clays as high-mechanical-performance hydraulically pressed refractories

Vasić

Radovanović

Pezo

et al. 2022

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The policy of sustainable development in Cameroon is mainly orientated towards supporting the value of locally available materials. Many studies have been carried out to identify the potential of local clays for various applications (Nkoumbou et al, 2009;Tassongwa et al, 2014;Nkalih et al, 2015Nkalih et al, , 2018Njindam et al, 2018;Pountouenchi et al, 2018;Mouafon et al, 2020). Several exploitable clay deposits were recently found in Foumban located ∼350 km from Yaounde in western Cameroon (Tassongwa et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of refractory bricks from selected Cameroonian kaolins

Pountouenchi,

Njoya,

Mbey

et al. 2023

Clay miner.

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Three clay materials (codded MY3, KG and KK) from western Cameroon were selected and investigated for the production of refractory bricks. Samples MY3 and KG are kaolinite-rich materials, having clay mineral contents of 88% and 72%, respectively, whereas KK is a sand-rich material with a total clay content of 44%. Chamottes were prepared using each clay, and the ground chamottes were later used in the refractory formulation, with each raw clay used as a binding phase. After firing, the X-ray diffraction analyses of all of the refractory bricks indicated the same mineral assemblage made of quartz, cristobalite and mullite. The cristobalite is due to high-temperature conversion of quartz, whereas the mullite is due to clay mineral conversion. The evaluation of the linear shrinkage, physical properties (including bulk density and open porosity) and mechanical testing through refractoriness under load and compressive strength indicates that all of these clays could be used as raw materials for standard clay refractory materials. These results stand as a proof for the potential for these locally available materials to be used as raw materials for refractories that could be locally produced to reduce the cost of access to refractory raw materials faced by industries located in Cameroon.

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Application of augmented simplex‐centroïd mixture design in developing and optimizing new low‐cost microfiltration membranes from clays and cassava peels for bacteria removal

Mountapbeme,

Mbamyah,

Pountouenchi

et al. 2024

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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The sharp increase in waterborne diseases due to bacterial contamination is limiting the supply of safe water in developing countries. This study focuses on the development and optimization of a low‐cost ceramic membrane based on natural resources and local waste for eliminating bacteria from water. The augmented simplex centroïd mixture design (ASCD) was used. The obtained optimal formulation consisted of 65% Ebebda clay (EB) 18.64% Koutaba clay (KG), and 16.34% cassava peel (PM) with a holding temperature of 1 100°C. The raw materials and membrane were characterized by chemical analysis using X‐ray florescence, X‐ray diffractometry, Thermal Gravimetric/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, SBET, porosity and flexural strength. The optimal membrane has 43.26% of porosity, 7.46 MPa of strength, 0.55 m2/g of specific surface area, an average pore diameter of 1.31 µm and a water permeability of 4 345,87 L h−1 m−2 bar−1. The ability of the membrane support to retain Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria present in contaminated water was finally assessed. Retention tests showed 100% of P. aeruginosa, 97.37% of K. pneumoniae, 93.69% of Salmonella sp, and 90% of S. aureus, making this new, less expensive ceramic membrane a potential candidate for the water treatment.

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Characterization of clays from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) and evaluation for refractory brick manufacture

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Raw kaolinitic–illitic clays as high-mechanical-performance hydraulically pressed refractories

Raw kaolinitic–illitic clays as high-mechanical-performance hydraulically pressed refractories

Characterization of refractory bricks from selected Cameroonian kaolins

Application of augmented simplex‐centroïd mixture design in developing and optimizing new low‐cost microfiltration membranes from clays and cassava peels for bacteria removal

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