Characterization of crop residues from false banana /Ensete ventricosum/ in Ethiopia in view of a full-resource valorization

Berhanu, Hanna; Kiflie, Zebene; Miranda, Isabel; Lourenço, Ana; Ferreira, Joana; Feleke, Shiferaw; Yimam, Abubeker; Pereira, Helena

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199422

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This bleaching process had two stages, using sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide solution. The extraction stage used NaOH with the subsequent addition of H 2 O 2 solution as a reinforcing agent [23]. Initially, the pulp slurry with 10% NaClO was bleached at a temperature of 40 • C for 120 min.…”

Section: Bleaching Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Megra

Bachheti

Tadesse

et al. 2022

Forests

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As the world’s population rises, there is a greater need for additional pulpwood for paper production worldwide. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the pulp and papermaking characteristics of Melia azedarach. Proximate chemical analysis, fiber morphology, pulping, bleaching, and physical tests were carried out to check the suitability of raw material. The proximate chemical analysis results showed that M. azedarach has a holocellulose content of 72.95% and a lignin content of 22.14%. Fiber morphology assessment revealed that the fibers were 0.571 mm long, 13.45 μm wide, and had a 2.52 μm cell wall thickness. Kraft pulping of M. azedarach was performed at different active alkali contents (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) and temperatures (150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, and 190 °C), keeping the sulfidity constant at 25%. The maximum pulp yield was 41.81% at an active alkali content of 15%, a temperature of 170 °C, and a cooking time of 90 min. The effect of pulping on the fiber morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy, which showed that the fiber’s surface before pulping was tight and arranged in an orderly way, with a relatively complex texture. After pulping, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose were removed, and the fiber became softer and more loosened, containing micropores. The pulp produced was bleached, and sheet preparation and testing were performed. The prepared paper sheets had a tensile index of 23.3 Nm/g, a burst index of 1.4 kPa m2/g, and a tear index of 4.0 mN m2/g. This study concluded that M. azedarach could be a raw material for the pulp and papermaking industries. The results indicated that M. azedarach is also a potential alternative resource for pulp and paper production in Ethiopia.

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Section: Bleaching Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Megra

Bachheti

Tadesse

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…Nevertheless, this property of enset residue fibre is compromised by the thin cell wall thickness [82]. In general, findings of several studies demonstrate that enset fibre has comparable properties to many of the world-class natural fibres such as abaca, flax, sisal, hemp, jute, kenaf, and ramie fibres [79][80][81]83]. In spite of these qualities and potential, enset fibre has not been exploited for a variety of applications.…”

Section: Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensete ventricosum: A Multipurpose Crop against Hunger in Ethiopia

Yemata

2020

The Scientific World Journal

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Ensete ventricosum is a traditional multipurpose crop mainly used as a staple/co-staple food for over 20 million people in Ethiopia. Despite this, scientific information about the crop is scarce. Three types of food, viz., Kocho (fermented product from scraped pseudostem and grated corm), Bulla (dehydrated juice), and Amicho (boiled corm) can be prepared from enset. These products are particularly rich in carbohydrates, minerals, fibres, and phenolics, but poor in proteins. Such meals are usually served with meat and cheese to supplement proteins. As a food crop, it has useful attributes such as foods can be stored for long time, grows in wide range of environments, produces high yield per unit area, and tolerates drought. It has an irreplaceable role as a feed for animals. Enset starch is found to have higher or comparable quality to potato and maize starch and widely used as a tablet binder and disintegrant and also in pharmaceutical gelling, drug loading, and release processes. Moreover, enset shows high genetic diversity within a population which in turn renders resilience and food security against the ever-changing environmental factors and land use dynamics. Therefore, more research attention and funding should be given to magnify and make wider use of the crop.

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“…The S/G ratio values were 1.1 (fibers) and 0.5 (stalks). The fibers and the stalks presented a great amount of carbohydrates (67 vs. 62% of total pyrogram area), where levoglucosan was the main compound (17.1 vs. 5.4%), followed by 2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one (1.4 vs. 3.1%), 2-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-(4H)-pyran-4-one (1.1 vs. 0.7%), and 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-(2H)-pyran-2-one (1.2 vs. 0.3%) [77].…”

Section: Ensete Ventricosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization of Lignocellulosic Materials by Analytical Pyrolysis

Lourenço¹,

Gominho²,

Pereira³

2019

Analytical Pyrolysis

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Analytical pyrolysis is used to chemically study complex molecular materials and is applied in a wide range of fields. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process associated to the breaking of chemical bonds using thermal energy, transforming a nonvolatile compound into a volatile degradation mixture. This chapter refers to analytical pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials, i.e., when pyrolysis is used for chemical characterization, applied to samples with small particle sizes, at 500-650°C, and with short residence times. The reactions that occur during pyrolysis of the structural components are discussed regarding the mechanisms and the pyrolysis products obtained from cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. A compilation of data is made on the characterization of lignocellulosic materials using Py-GC/FID(MS) or Py-GC/MS as analytical tools including woods and barks of several species. The pyrogram profiles and important parameters on lignin chemical composition such as the H:G:S relation and the S/G ratio are summarized. Analytical pyrolysis is a versatile methodology that may be applied to characterize the lignin directly on the lignocellulosic material or after isolation from the cell wall matrix (e.g., as MWL or dioxane lignin) or from pulps or spent liquors. It is therefore an excellent tool to study lignin compositional variability in different materials and along various processing pathways.

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Characterization of crop residues from false banana /Ensete ventricosum/ in Ethiopia in view of a full-resource valorization

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Ensete ventricosum: A Multipurpose Crop against Hunger in Ethiopia

Chemical Characterization of Lignocellulosic Materials by Analytical Pyrolysis

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