Characterization of Crude Oil, Asphaltenes Based on Bismuth (Bi), Thorium (Th) and Uranium (U) Levels: Potential  Environmental Impact

Elhameed, Amr Abd; Pillay, A. E.; Nunn, Roger; Samuel, Stephen

doi:10.4236/jep.2016.72017

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, with laser beam technology [V/V+Ni] ratios that fall within this interval could be implemented to characterise Abu Dhabi asphaltenes. The prospect of using other ratios such as As 3+ /As 5+ , Bi/Th or Th/U also exists -as proposed by Elhameed et al [19][20][21].…”

Section: Impact Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-UV Laser Ablation Technology [213 nm] Coupled with Plasma Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Determination of Nickel/ Vanadium Ratios in Asphaltenes

Ae¹,

AA²

2016

Mass Spectrom Purif Tech

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Knowledge of nickel/vanadium (Ni/V) ratios in petroleum fuel is essential to source geochemical information and to limit catalytic poisoning and corrosive effects in chemical refining processes. However, these ratios have been found to vary widely and are affected by various factors, including the sulphur content of the petroleum feedstock. They are normally obtained by digesting and treating the feedstock in suitable acid or organic media followed by numerical analysis. Our research investigated a novel sample introduction technique for obtaining Ni/V ratios by ablating petrified asphaltene samples (following liquid nitrogen pre-treatment) with a 213 nm laser beam coupled to a hyphenated plasma mass spectroscopic system. Laser ablation is ideal for delving beneath the surface of a solid matrix to measure the composition of the substrate. Iterative scanning of the sample surface and subsequent depth-profiling was achieved at predetermined surface points to depths of 50 μm at selected sub-surface intervals. Characteristic intensities originating from the metals of interest were measured. Laser results were compared with the 'digested' results obtained directly by ICP-MS. In the case of the digested crude oil samples, these ratios varied between 0.6 and 0.8. This was higher than corresponding literature values, which occurred within a range of 0.3-0.6. The laser ablation results for typical asphaltene samples showed that Ni/V ratios varied in the interval 0.2-0.8, which were considered to be elevated and in keeping with the elevated crude oil ratios. The digested asphaltenes also reflected higher ratios, suggesting the influence of sample inhomogeneity and nickel impurities. Factors affecting variations in this ratio are presented, and the advantages of a more stable ratio are discussed. The study is of definite interest to petroleum engineers, and has considerable scope for extended research.

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Section: Impact Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-UV Laser Ablation Technology [213 nm] Coupled with Plasma Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Determination of Nickel/ Vanadium Ratios in Asphaltenes

Ae¹,

AA²

2016

Mass Spectrom Purif Tech

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Rare and Valuable Metals in Oils and Coals of the Russian Federation: Content and Methods of Extraction

et al. 2019

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Sulfur modification of PET fibers and lead ion sorption from wastewaters: kinetics and isotherms studies

Bıyıkoğlu,

Kamçı,

Arslan

2024

Preprint

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This study aims to contribute to the ongoing research into the chemical modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, with a view to enhancing their capacity for adsorbing heavy metals, specifically Pb(II) ions, from aqueous solutions. The PET fibers have been grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and further modified with iminodiacetic acid (IDA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and carbon disulfide (CS2) to improve sorption efficiency. The modifications introduced functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylate, and sulfur-containing moieties, significantly increasing the sorption capacity. The sorption process was evaluated under a range of conditions, including pH, temperature, contact time, and initial ion concentration. The results revealed that Pb(II) ions sorption capacity was maximized at pH 5.0 and a temperature of 35 °C. Among the modified PET fibers, those treated with NaOH and CS2 exhibited the highest sorption capacity (94.14 mg/g), demonstrating superior performance. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the sorption process followed a second order kinetic model. Isotherm analysis indicated that the monolayer sorption mechanism, best described by the Langmuir model, was the most appropriate for the data. The structural and functional changes in the modified fibers were validated through SEM, FTIR, and DSC analyses. This study highlights the potential industrial applications of modified PET fibers as effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals from wastewaters, contributing to environmental pollution control and resource recovery.

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Characterization of Crude Oil, Asphaltenes Based on Bismuth (Bi), Thorium (Th) and Uranium (U) Levels: Potential Environmental Impact

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Deep-UV Laser Ablation Technology [213 nm] Coupled with Plasma Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Determination of Nickel/ Vanadium Ratios in Asphaltenes

Deep-UV Laser Ablation Technology [213 nm] Coupled with Plasma Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Determination of Nickel/ Vanadium Ratios in Asphaltenes

Rare and Valuable Metals in Oils and Coals of the Russian Federation: Content and Methods of Extraction

Sulfur modification of PET fibers and lead ion sorption from wastewaters: kinetics and isotherms studies

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