Characterization of CSR, ESG, and Corporate Citizenship through a Text Mining-Based Review of Literature

Abstract

As the social and environmental roles of companies have been emphasized by various stakeholders, the concepts of CSR (corporate social responsibility), ESG (environmental, social, governance), and corporate citizenship have received a great deal of attention in academia and industry. To understand and distinguish corporate responsibility approaches in the literature, this study employs text mining techniques to comprehensively analyze the summary information of 1235 articles (i.e., title, abstract, and keywords) on CSR, ESG, and corporate citizenship. First, frequently occurring terms in text datasets related to CSR, ESG, and corporate citizenship are analyzed to extract conceptual commonalities and differences. Then, correlated topic modeling is applied to the collected text datasets to identify underlying topics widely discussed in CSR, ESG, and corporate citizenship related studies. The results of this study show that corporate citizenship is not only a high-level concept that encompasses ESG and CSR, but also a broad concept with missions that are associated with various societal areas. The findings from this study also reveal that employees, as the principal agents of corporate citizenship practice, are more critical than other stakeholders of corporate citizenship practice.

Measuring corporate citizenship and public image: evidence from scale development and validation

“…Finally, the “extended view” believes that companies are like political protagonists who endow, empower and escort several rights (social, civil and political) in addition to responsibilities (Andersen and Johansen, 2021; Marsden, 2000; Nyberg and Murray, 2020), and all stakeholders’ standpoints ought to be embraced in establishing those rights and responsibilities (Homer, 2022a). However, the bulk of studies have never go beyond the first two viewpoints (Matten et al , 2003), and therefore, in spite of being acknowledged as a sine qua non for doing business, the academic research on corporate citizenship still seems inadequate (Park et al , 2023). Given that, this research based its operationalization on an extended view by absorbing not only the altruistic and social obligations but also the political commitments in its scope.…”

“…As businesses set off to assume their political responsibility through citizenship, they begin affecting the interests of the public (Pfau et al , 2008; Tempels et al , 2017). Despite the fact that the concept of citizenship is constantly used by practitioners (Park et al , 2023), it has not been appropriately hypothesized by academicians (Maignan and Ferrell, 2001). Its exploration remains complicated, disintegrated (Kruggel et al , 2020) and by and large theoretical (Hamann, 2006) perhaps on account of the lack of research measurement, particularly from the public position, for whom this concept in fact is intended, which this paper strived to address by constructing a psychometric, systematic and pragmatic measurement instrument.…”

The Effectiveness of CSR in Sustainable Development: A Case-Study of Total's Oil Exploration Activities in the Niger-Delta Region

“…Companies increasingly acknowledge their role in contributing to societal welfare (Post, 2020). The concept has seen rising attention in recent years, reflecting burgeoning social and environmental expectations from various stakeholders (Park, 2023).…”

Investigating the Corporate Governance and Sustainability Relationship A Bibliometric Analysis Using Keyword-Ensemble Community Detection

“…Using this approach, it is possible to represent the results synthetically using the multiple correspondence analysis (Greenacre & Blasius, 2006). Then it is possible to consider a hierarchical cluster analysis on the different obtained keywords from the network to analyze in greater detail how corporate governance and sustainability are interconnected (see Köhn & Hubert, 2014, about this approach applied to bibliometric data; see also Gatto et al 2022, andPark et al, 2023). The final aim is to consider the actions and strategies the system's actors consider identifying the relevant keywords as "semantic cores" (Drago et al 2021).…”