Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub>thin films and solar cells by photoacoustic spectroscopy

Atarashi, Akiko; Yagi, Masayuki; Shirakata, Sho

doi:10.7567/jjap.53.05fw12

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

2014

DOI: 10.7567/jjap.53.05fw12

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Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin films and solar cells by photoacoustic spectroscopy

Akiko Atarashi

Masayuki Yagi

Sho Shirakata

Abstract: Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films and solar cells were studied by photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) which is non-contact and non-destructive characterization of optical absorption properties. As preliminary experiment, the band gap of CIGS bulk alloy crystals were characterized by PAS, photoluminescence, and electroreflectance measurements, and the utilization of PAS was examined as the characterization of CIGS alloys. Photoacoustic (PA) spectra of CIGS thin films grown on a Mo/soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate show… Show more

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“…Photoacoustic (PA) spectrum measurement was performed at room temperature using a microphone-installed PA cell with a SiO 2 window. [18][19][20] The samples were mounted into a PA cell. The sample was excited by the monochromatic light combining with a Xe lamp (Wacom, KXL500F) and a monochromator (Ritsu Oyo Kogaku, MC-20 L).…”

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Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Ueda

Yagi

Tanabe

2016

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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Optical and photoacoustic properties of Ce 3+ -doped lanthanide (Lu, Y, Gd) aluminum garnet were investigated. In the photoacoustic (PA) spectra, the 5d 1 (lowest 5d level) band of Ce 3+ was observed at around 450 nm in the obtained Ce 3+ -doped garnet samples. This result shows that a part of the excited energy is converted to thermal energy, which is generated by some nonradiative processes. In Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ , the 5d 1 PA peak wavelength is shorter than the 5d 1 photoluminescence excitation peak wavelength, which indicates that part of the heat generation is caused by the phonon relaxation process within 5d 1 state. The PA intensity and luminescence quantum efficiency of the Ce 3+ -doped gadolinium yttrium aluminum garnets ((Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 ) 3 Ce3+ -doped garnet materials have attracted a great deal of attention in w-LEDs and scintillators applications because of their intense broad absorption in a blue region, high quantum efficiency, and luminescence in various colors. These absorption and luminescence properties of the Ce 3+ ion are derived from the 4f-5d allowed transitions. The luminescence color variation is caused by the shift of 5d excited level by the nephelauxetic effect (centroid shift caused by covalency) and the crystal field splitting.1-4 The chemical formula of general garnet crystals can be expressed as {A} 3 [B] 2 (C) 3 O 12 , where {A}, [B] and (C) represent the cations at the dodecahedral, octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively. The dodecahedral site to which Ce 3+ occupies has the distorted square anti-prism structure with D 2 point-group symmetry, which results in the large crystal field splitting of 5d state. The split 5d levels are referred as 5d 1 , 5d 2 , 5d 3 . . . from the lowest 5d energy level. The crystal field strength and 5d splitting can be changed by varying the garnet component ions. So far, the optical properties of Ce 3+ in many garnet host compositions have been studied. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] When the dodecahedral site in Ln 3 Al 5 O 12 are changed from the smaller lanthanide, Ln ion to the larger Ln ion, for instance in the order of Lu, Y, Tb to Gd, the 5d 1 energy shifts to the lower energy and quenching temperature becomes much lower. 15,16 Therefore, the luminescence quantum efficiency of Ce 3+ :5d 1 -4f at room temperature can be decreased with increasing ionic radius of the dodecahedral site. The decrease of quantum efficiency should cause excess heat generation through some nonradiative relaxation processes.Photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy is one of the measurements to get information of heat generation after photon absorption. The heat flux generated by excitation light is transported in a sample and changes the surface temperature. As a result, the gas pressure in the photoacoustic chamber will be changed and the formed sound can be detected by a microphone. Grinberg et al. reported the PA spectrum of Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ in a wide wavelength range between 265 nm and 570 nm and discussed the results with configuration coordinate diagram...

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confidence: 99%

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Ueda

Yagi

Tanabe

2016

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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Local structure analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ by X‐ray fluorescence holography

Shirakata

Kitamura

Happo

et al. 2017

Phys. Status Solidi C

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X‐ray Fluorescence Holography (XFH) study of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 single crystals has been performed using an inverse mode. Energies of incident X‐ray are from 9.2 to 13.2 keV. The Cu‐Kα X‐ray fluorescence hologram has been constructed, and atomic images were reconstructed using Barton's algorithm. Dependence of fluorescent X‐ray, either Cu or Ga, on the reconstructed atomic images of CuIn0.2Ga0.8Se2 was examined. The atomic image of CuIn0.2Ga0.8Se2 was compared with that of CuIn0.8Ga0.2Se2. The reconstructed atomic images of the cation (Cu, Ga, and In) plane and that of the anion (Se) plane are discussed in terms of the alloy composition.

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Photoacoustic and photothermal and the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells: A tutorial

Bento

Cella

Lima

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Physics

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Optical losses are the major drawback to overcome in the solar energy industry and development. Conversion of solar radiation into heat accounts for over 80% of the incident solar energy, which is driven by several aspects like the chosen design and encapsulation of the devices, built-in materials, and the mismatch between the solar spectrum and the active cell's bandgap energy. Photoacoustic (PA) and photothermal (PT) methods are characterization techniques based on the heat generation after the illumination of a material and respective detection. Since the beginning of the solar panel industrial development, these methods have been successfully applied to evaluate the photovoltaic efficiency of devices and the thermophysical parameters of related materials. Here, we present the state-of-art of application of these PA and PT methods to characterize solar cell devices and their built-in materials. Historical aspects, conceptual mechanisms of the basic phenomena, and perspectives on their application for energy-conversion measurements in the new frontier of solar cell research will be discussed.

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Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin films and solar cells by photoacoustic spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Local structure analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ by X‐ray fluorescence holography

Photoacoustic and photothermal and the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells: A tutorial

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Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2thin films and solar cells by photoacoustic spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce3+-DopedLn3Al5O12(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce3+-DopedLn3Al5O12(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Local structure analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 by X‐ray fluorescence holography

Photoacoustic and photothermal and the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells: A tutorial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin films and solar cells by photoacoustic spectroscopy

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Editors' Choice—Investigation of Luminescence and Photoacoustic Properties in Ce³⁺-DopedLn₃Al₅O₁₂(Ln= Lu, Y, Gd) Garnet

Local structure analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ by X‐ray fluorescence holography