Characterization of cytokines associated with Th17 cells in the eyes of horses with recurrent uveitis

Regan, Daniel P.; Aarnio, Megan; Davis, Wesley S.; Carmichael, K. Paige; Vandenplas, Michel L.; Lauderdale, James D.; Moore, Phillip A.

doi:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00951.x

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…In horses with naturally occurring ERU a strong immunoreactivity for IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23, in conjunction with the fact that T lymphocytes were the predominating inflammatory cells present in ERU, suggests that IL-17-secreting helper Tcells play a role in the pathogenesis of ERU (Regan et al 2012). Our results were in agreement with these findings as we detected high concentration of IL-17 in eye media of horses with experimental uveitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Immunological and pathological investigations in equine experimental uveitis

2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Immunological and pathological investigations in equine experimental uveitis

2016

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“…That is why it seems appropriate that the leptospiral involvement in ERU subdivides the different clinical forms of the disease described above into a "leptospiral-positive" and a "leptospiral-negative" form of ERU, instead of being the only reasonable aetiology for ERU. Other aetiological factors, such as genetic predispositions (Angelos et al 1988, Dwyer et al 1995, Fritz et al 2014, Gilger 2010, Kulbrock et al 2013), autoimmune components (Deeg 2008, Deeg et al 2002, Regan et al 2012) and other pathogens, e.g. Onchocerca spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of intraocular leptospiral DNA, antibodies and Leptospira spp. in horses with equine recurrent uveitis in different laboratories

Baake¹,

Borstel²,

Rohn³

et al. 2016

PHK

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Summary: Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an ocular disease characterized mainly by recurrent episodes of inflammation, alternating with quiescent episodes of various durations. There are numerous aetiological theories for the cause of ERU, but to date, the "classic ERU" is most commonly associated with an intraocular leptospiral infection. The pars plana vitrectomy has, so far, been the most promising treatment of ERU and is thought to be more successful in eyes with detectable leptospiral antibodies in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and therefore a preselection is recommended. The objective of this study was to investigate whether different laboratories have an influence on the frequency of detection of leptospiral DNA and leptospiral antibodies from vitreal samples of horses with ERU and if these results are in accordance with cultural testing of the vitreal samples. Vitreal samples were obtained from 93 eyes of 78 horses of various breeds and age with a clinical history of ERU. The vitreal samples were taken at the beginning of the vitrectomy to keep the dilution of the vitreal samples as low as possible. The samples were split and sent to three different laboratories in Germany (L1, L2 and L3). Laboratory 1 (L1) performed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a MAT, laboratory 2 (L2) carried out a PCR and laboratory 3 (L3) performed a MAT, a cultural examination and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the vitreal specimens. The amount of dilution was evaluated by comparing the urea content of 34 vitreal samples with the urea content of the serum of each of the horses at the time of sampling. Furthermore, a serial dilution was performed with undiluted vitreal material of two enucleated eyes and sent to L1 for MAT and PCR. The results of the PCR indicated a strong conformity between L1 and L2 (Kappa 0.95), both laboratories concurrently revealed 52 positive and 31 negative results and only two specimens showed deviating results. The MAT in L1 was positive in 51% of the vitreal samples tested, whereas only 41% of the vitreal samples were tested positive in L3. The conformity was, moreover, serovar-and breed-dependent. The Kappa was 0.67 when only including serovar Grippotyphosa, and was 0.82 for serovar Pomona (Tab. 5). Warmblood horses displayed a Kappa of 0.56 between L1 and L3, whereas the Kappa for the Icelandic horses was 0.91 between L1 and L3. The cultivation of leptospires was successful in 16 % of the vitreal specimens. The dilution of vitreal samples was measured to range between 1 and 2.1 with a standard deviation of 1.68. Overall, 67 vitreal samples were tested simultaneously in all three laboratories. A positive result in at least one of the tests performed occurred in 57 % (38), whereas 43 % (29) of the vitreal specimens were tested negative in all five tests performed (PCR in L1 and L2, MAT in L1 and L3, and culture in L3). The variation of agreement of the MAT between serovar Grippotyphosa and serovar Pomona and between Warmblood and Icelandic horses in L1 and L3 might be account...

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“…Furthermore, immunoreactivity for IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23, in conjunction with T lymphocytes as predominating inflammatory cells, suggests that IL-17-secreting helper T-cells play a role in pathogenesis of ERU [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Risk Loci to Equine Recurrent Uveitis in German Warmblood Horses

et al. 2013

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Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is a common eye disease affecting up to 3–15% of the horse population. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Illumina equine SNP50 bead chip was performed to identify loci conferring risk to ERU. The sample included a total of 144 German warmblood horses. A GWAS showed a significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on horse chromosome (ECA) 20 at 49.3 Mb, with IL-17A and IL-17F being the closest genes. This locus explained a fraction of 23% of the phenotypic variance for ERU. A GWAS taking into account the severity of ERU, revealed a SNP on ECA18 nearby to the crystalline gene cluster CRYGA-CRYGF. For both genomic regions on ECA18 and 20, significantly associated haplotypes containing the genome-wide significant SNPs could be demonstrated. In conclusion, our results are indicative for a genetic component regulating the possible critical role of IL-17A and IL-17F in the pathogenesis of ERU. The associated SNP on ECA18 may be indicative for cataract formation in the course of ERU.

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Characterization of cytokines associated with Th17 cells in the eyes of horses with recurrent uveitis

Cited by 46 publications

References 48 publications

Immunological and pathological investigations in equine experimental uveitis

Immunological and pathological investigations in equine experimental uveitis

Detection of intraocular leptospiral DNA, antibodies and Leptospira spp. in horses with equine recurrent uveitis in different laboratories

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Risk Loci to Equine Recurrent Uveitis in German Warmblood Horses

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