Characterization of different biodegradable scaffolds in tissue engineering

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of acellular dermal matrix (ADM), small intestinal submucosa (SIS) and Bio-Gide scaffolds with acellular vascular matrix (ACVM)-0.25% human-like collagen I (HLC-I) scaffold in tissue engineering blood vessels. The ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold was prepared and compared with ADM, SIS and Bio-Gide scaffolds via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. Primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured and identified. Then, the experiment was established via the seeding of HGFs on different scaffolds for 1, 4 and 7 days. The compatibility of four different scaffolds with HGFs was evaluated by H&E staining, SEM observation and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Then, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate water absorption capacities, mechanical abilities, the ultra-microstructure and the cytotoxicity of the four scaffolds. The ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold was revealed to exhibit the best cell proliferation and good cell architecture. ADM and Bio-Gide scaffolds exhibited good mechanical stability but cell proliferation was reduced when compared with the ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold. In addition, SIS scaffolds exhibited the worst cell proliferation. The ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold exhibited the best water absorption, followed by the SIS and Bio-Gide scaffolds, and then the ADM scaffold. In conclusion, the ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold has good mechanical properties as a tissue engineering scaffold and the present results suggest that it has better biological characterization when compared with other scaffold types.

Evaluation of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Cross-Linked Collagen Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration in Beagle Dogs

“…In addition, immunocytochemistry showed that hGnF cells adhered equally well to both membranes ( Figure 6 ). Furthermore, our cytotoxicity investigation showed cross-linked and non-cross-linked membranes were both noncytotoxic, and these results concurred with previous studies [ 53 , 54 ]. In addition, through the EDS analysis, it can be confirmed that both membranes (cross-linked and non-cross-linked membranes) have similar chemical compositions ( Table 2 ).…”

Study of tissue engineered vascularised oral mucosa-like structures based on ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold in vitro and in vivo

“…ACVM-0.25% -HLC-I scaffold is a tissue engineering composite scaffold material, which has the advantages of natural biological scaffold material and synthetic biodegradable polymer scaffold material. In other words, it provides three-dimensional structural space for cell growth and has certain biomechanical properties [14,16]. Our previous study [16] has demonstrated that ACVM-0.25% HLC-I has good compatibility with cells, low cytotoxicity, can promote cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell migration, and has sufficient mechanical properties to maintain the tensile strength of the material.…”

“…In other words, it provides three-dimensional structural space for cell growth and has certain biomechanical properties [14,16]. Our previous study [16] has demonstrated that ACVM-0.25% HLC-I has good compatibility with cells, low cytotoxicity, can promote cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell migration, and has sufficient mechanical properties to maintain the tensile strength of the material. For the oral mucosa-like structures to be constructed in this study, a good oral mucosa scaffold (ACVM-0.25% HLC-I) should be able to rapidly induce the regeneration of oral mucosa-like structures, so that the regenerated oral mucosalike structures are similar to the morphology and function of normal oral mucosa structures to some extent.…”

“…In this study, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and vascular endothelial-like cells (VEC-like cells) [12] were used as seed cells in combination with ACVM-0.25% HLC-I [13][14][15][16] to construct tissueengineered vascularised oral mucosa-like structures in vitro and in vivo, and attempted to establish deep blood vessel connections through vascularisation, aiming at repairing tissue damage.…”

Pin-site scar revision with subcisions and acellular dermal matrix

“…This may be due to the different physical properties of fat and ADM. Considering the physical characteristics of the scaffolds used in tissue engineering, ADM presents higher tensile stress than other biological materials, including human fat [14,15]. This may have contributed to the stable reshaping of the pin-site scars when ADM was inserted in the depressed area and to the enhancement of the dermal layer, keeping the skin from returning to its original site.…”