Characterization of dilute acid pretreatment of silvergrass for ethanol production

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Alkali Concentration, Corn Stover Particle Size, and Extruder Parameters for Maximum Sugar Recovery

“…The acetic acid formation and its concentration confirmed that the deacetylzation process, however the concentration was below the inhibition limit (Taherzadeh et al, 1997). The particle size of rice straw and silvergrass inversely influenced the acetic acid formation in dilute acid pretreatment (Guo et al, 2008); however, it was not confirmed in this study. The acetic acid concentration was lower than dilute acid Hodge et al, 2008), formic acid (Xu et al, 2009a), lime , alkali ), hydrothermal pretreatment (Öhgren et al, 2006;Lu et al, 2010) of corn stover; compared to other feedstocks listed in the table.…”

“…Kaar and Holtzapple (2000) found that particle size (<0.8-0.84 mm) had no effect on sugar yield from lime pretreatment of corn stover; more than 95% enzymatic hydrolysis yield was reported from SFEC pretreatment at 180/200ºC irrespective of eucalyptus flour size (<2 or < 5 mm) by Teramoto et al (2009). Similarly Guo et al (2008) reported that feedstock size had no impact on the performance of dilute acid pretreatment at an input size below 1x 5 cm. Not only linear and quadratic terms but also interactions terms were contributed to sugar recoveries as evident from Table 3 and equations 5-7.…”

“…Biomass size reduction has become an integral part of biomass pretreatment. Studies have shown that the particle size influences the diffusion kinetics (Kim & Lee, 2002), the effectiveness of pretreatment (Chundawat et al, 2007), the enzymatic hydrolysis rate, the rheological properties (Chundawat et al, 2007;Desari & Bersin, 2007), lignin removal (Hu et al, 2008), the sugar yield (Chang et al, 2001;Hu et al, 2008;Yang et al, 2008), acetic acid formation (Guo et al, 2008), and the power requirement for size reduction (Cadoche & Lopez, 1989;Mani et al, 2004;van Walsum et al, 1996). It is a well known that alkali acts as delignification agent at low concentration without degrading the carbohydrates.…”

Deacetylation Followed by Fractionation of Yellow Poplar Sawdust for the Production of Toxicity-Reduced Hemicellulosic Sugar for Ethanol Fermentation

“…Additionally, the decomposed products known to be fermentation-decomposed products, such as furfural, 5-HMF from pentose and hexose sugars, are generated during acid fractionation. Other studies have reported that ethanol fermentation was unsuccessful when the concentrations of HMF, furfural, and acetic acid in the hydrolyzate were more than 1, 1, and 2 g/L, respectively [12,24,27,28]. This finding implies that detoxification is rarely needed for ethanol fermentation, due to the low concentration of inhibitors present in the hydrolyzate.…”

Efficient Process Development for Cellulosic Ethanol Fermentation from Cassava Pulp

“…Then, 5 L of the sample was injected into the HPLC system. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis before and after pre-treatment was carried out using nitrogen adsorption method [13]. Briefly, the dried sample (0.5 g) was put into a sample tube and outgassed in order to remove the humidity and volatile compounds from the surface of the sample.…”