Characterization of doped PEDOT: PSS and its influence on the performance and degradation of organic solar cells

Abstract

The present work is a detailed study of the optical, morphological and electrical properties of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, films doped with ethylene glycol (EG) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films doped with EG and MWCNT is higher than pristine PEDOT:PSS film. The optical transparency of PEDOT:PSS film decreases insignificantly after addition of MWCNT and EG. The films were further studied using atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Kelvin probe work function measurement, after which films of PEDOT:PSS with EG and MWCNT were optimized for the fabrication of solar cells. The optimized film was used as a hole extracting layer in a typical ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ P3HT:PCBM/Al solar cell. The suitable concentration for an optimized film was found to be 4% MWCNT and 1:4 ratio of EG to PEDOT:PSS. The performance of the device with doped PEDOT:PSS was found to improve in terms of short circuit current density (J SC ) and efficiency (η). The solar cell with a doped PEDOT:PSS layer showed higher J SC and η due to the increase in the interchains among PEDOT chains along with the introduction of MWCNT channels in PEDOT:PSS matrix. The degradation behavior of the cells was studied and it was found that both pristine and doped PEDOT:PSS cells showed similar trends of degradation. The performance degradation with time was also studied under variable environmental conditions, which showed different aging rates for the two devices.

Selectively modulated inkjet printing of highly conductive and transparent foldable polymer electrodes for flexible polymer light-emitting diode applications

“…(Fig. 4(b)), which is similar value 274 to the previous report [41]. Peak to valley (R pv ) and root 275 mean square (rms) values of each sample are summarized 276 in Table 2.…”

Functional solid additive modified PEDOT:PSS as an anode buffer layer for enhanced photovoltaic performance and stability in polymer solar cells

“…The most intense peak centered at 1,436 cm −1 is assigned to the C α  = C β symmetric stretching vibration. The two other bands at 1,504 cm −1 (thiophene rings in the middle of PEDOT chains) and 1,568 cm −1 (thiophene rings at the end of PEDOT chains) correspond to the C α  = C β asymmetric stretching vibrations23. The inconspicuous peak centered at 1,534 cm −1 arises from the splitting of the asymmetric vibrations.…”

Effective Approaches to Improve the Electrical Conductivity of PEDOT:PSS: A Review

“…5 Lim et al [39] 0.2-1 (Clevios P) 677 Lee et al [40] 9 (Clevios P) 48 Jiang et al [41] 39 (Clevios P) 298 Liu et al [42] EG 2.2 × 10 −2 1.3 Dimitriev et al [32] 0.4 (Clevios P) 160 Ouyang et al [43] 0.4 200 Ouyang et al [19] 0.4 (Clevios PH 500) 443 Yan et al [44] 9 55 Jiang et al [41] 39 242 Liu et al [42] 15.64 274. 5 Singh et al [45] 27.5 621. 6 Wichiansee et al [46] DMF 0.8 ± 0.1 30 ± 10 Kim et al [8] THF 0.8 ± 0.1 4 ± 1 Kim et al [8] Glycerol 9.8 86.8 Lai et al [47] 0.2-1 (Clevios PH500) 450 Lee et al [18] Sorbitol 4 × 10 −4 (Clevios P VP AI 4083) 10 Nardes et al [48] (1.1±0.1) × 10 −3 (Clevios P VP AI 4083) 5.2 ± 0.3 Nardes et al [49] 0.2-1 (Clevios P) 35 Otero et al [50] 0.24 118.3 Onorato et al [51] 1 10 2 Timpanaro et al [52] 0.2-1 (Clevios P) 10 2 Ouyang et al [53] Methoxyethanol 0.003 (Clevios P VP AI 4083) 0.61 Hu et al [54] Diethylene glycol 0.006 10 Crispin et al [55] Dimethyl sulfate 0.07 (Clevios P) 132 Reyes-Reyes et al [56] Meso-erythritol 0.4 155 Ouyang et al [43] Xylitol 12 115 Li et al [57] www.MaterialsViews.com www.advelectronicmat.de wileyonlinelibrary.com…”