Characterization of downflow hanging sponge reactors with regard to structure, process function, and microbial community compositions

Hatamoto, Masashi; Ōkubo, Tsutomu; Kubota, Kengo; Yamaguchi, Takashi

doi:10.1007/s00253-018-9406-6

Cited by 44 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The DHS reactor was originally developed for the treatment of domestic sewage. DHS systems efficiently reduce organic compounds, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nitrogen in sewage [15][16][17][18][19][20]; they have also been used for the treatment of several kinds of industrial wastewater and for various other purposes [21]. The DHS reactor is a trickling filter using polyurethane sponge as the microbial carrier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Removal from Groundwater by a Dropping Nitrification Reactor: Characterization of NH4+-N Transformation and Bacterial Community in the Reactor

Maharjan

Kamei

Amatya

et al. 2020

Water

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A dropping nitrification reactor was proposed as a low-cost and energy-saving option for the removal of NH4+-N from contaminated groundwater. The objectives of this study were to investigate NH4+-N removal performance and the nitrogen removal pathway and to characterize the microbial communities in the reactor. Polyolefin sponge cubes (10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm) were connected diagonally in a nylon thread to produce 1 m long dropping nitrification units. Synthetic groundwater containing 50 mg L−1 NH4+-N was added from the top of the hanging units at a flow rate of 4.32 L day−1 for 56 days. Nitrogen-oxidizing microorganisms in the reactor removed 50.8–68.7% of the NH4+-N in the groundwater, which was aerated with atmospheric oxygen as it flowed downwards through the sponge units. Nitrogen transformation and the functional bacteria contributing to it were stratified in the sponge units. Nitrosomonadales-like AOB predominated and transformed NH4+-N to NO2−-N in the upper part of the reactor. Nitrospirales-like NOB predominated and transformed NO2−-N to NO3−-N in the lower part of the reactor. The dropping nitrification reactor could be a promising technology for oxidizing NH4+-N in groundwater and other similar contaminated wastewaters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Removal from Groundwater by a Dropping Nitrification Reactor: Characterization of NH4+-N Transformation and Bacterial Community in the Reactor

Maharjan

Kamei

Amatya

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Machdar et al [5] first proposed using sponges as a carrier material for biomass retention in biological trickling filters. Currently, six types of sponge carriers have been developed and evaluated for their process performance in sewage treatment [2,[6][7][8][9]. The STF reactor is characterised by a high biomass retention capacity in the sponge carrier and extremely low excess sludge production without external aeration [6,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a single-stage mainstream anammox process using a sponge-bed trickling filter

Watari

Vazquez

Hatamoto

et al. 2020

Environmental Technology

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Anaerobic ammonia oxidation to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor (anammox process) is considered a cost-effective solution for nitrogen removal after an anaerobic pretreatment process. In this study, we conducted a laboratory-scale experiment to develop a single-stage partial nitritation-anammox process in a sponge-based trickling filter (STF) reactor, inoculated with anammox sludge, simulating the treatment of anaerobically pretreated concentrated domestic sewage without mechanical oxygen control. The influent ammonia concentration was 100 mg-N•L −1 . The K L a of the STF reactor was higher than those observed for conventional activated sludge processes. The STF reactor performed at 89.8 ± 8.2% and 42.7 ± 16.9% ammonia and TN removal efficiency, respectively, with a nitrogen loading rate of 0.55 ± 0.20 kg-N•m −3 •day −1 calculated based on sponge volume. Microbial community analysis of the STF-retained sludge indicated that both autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrogen removal occurred in the reactor.

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“…Whilst none of the insects found have been found as a nuisance to the surrounding people and there is no evidences of any diseases caused by these insects. However, this issue could be resolved by the installation of nets or covers and cleaning with water sprays [82].…”

Section: Estheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downflow Hanging Sponge System: A Self-Sustaining Option for Wastewater Treatment

Maharjan¹,

Hewawasam²,

Hatamoto³

et al. 2021

Promising Techniques for Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Assessment

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Need of self-sustaining wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has become critical to cope up with dynamics of the environmental regulations and rapid advancements in the contemporary technologies. At present there are limited number of self-sustaining WWTPs around the world. The aim of this chapter is to present state -of- art of Downflow Hanging Sponge (DHS) system which was developed as a post treatment unit of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) from sustainability perspective. DHS system is a non-submerged fixed bed trickling filter (TF) that employs a core technology of polyurethane sponges as a media where the microorganisms thrive and major treatment processes take place. This chapter reviews the introduction of DHS system (UASB+DHS) summarizes the quantitative analysis of environmental, economic and social sustainability using indicators. Furthermore, self-sustaining prospects of DHS system are assessed and discussed by comparing with conventional TF (UASB+TF).

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Characterization of downflow hanging sponge reactors with regard to structure, process function, and microbial community compositions

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Removal from Groundwater by a Dropping Nitrification Reactor: Characterization of NH4+-N Transformation and Bacterial Community in the Reactor

Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Removal from Groundwater by a Dropping Nitrification Reactor: Characterization of NH4+-N Transformation and Bacterial Community in the Reactor

Development of a single-stage mainstream anammox process using a sponge-bed trickling filter

Downflow Hanging Sponge System: A Self-Sustaining Option for Wastewater Treatment

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