Characterization of Earthquake Strong Ground Motion

Somerville, Paul

doi:10.1007/s00024-003-2407-z

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The influence of the near fault rupture directivity for the strong ground motion pattern has been discussed both from the observation and numerical simulation (Somerville and Graves, 2003). For example, Somerville and Grave (2003) found that, at the rupture propagation direction (forward direction), the near fault particle motion in the normal direction to the fault behaviors as a pulse function with a very short time duration.…”

Section: Data Analysis and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of attenuation relation for the near fault ground motion from the characteristic earthquake

2007

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A composite source model has been used to simulate a broadband strong ground motion with an associated fault rupture process. A scenario earthquake fault model has been used to generate 1 000 earthquake events with a magnitude of M w 8.0. The simulated results show that, for the characteristic event with a strike-slip faulting, the characteristics of near fault ground motion is strongly dependent on the rupture directivity. If the distance between the sites and fault was given, the ground motion in the forward direction (Site A) is much larger than that in the backward direction (Site C) and that close to the fault (Site B). The SH waves radiated from the fault, which corresponds to the fault-normal component plays a key role in the ground motion amplification. Corresponding to the sites A, B, and C, the statistical analysis shows that the ratio of their a PG is 2.15:1.5:1 and their standard deviations are about 0.12, 0.11, and 0.13, respectively. If these results are applied in the current probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), then, for the lower annual frequency of exceedance of peak ground acceleration, the predicted a PG from the hazard curve could reduce by 30% or more compared with the current PSHA model used in the developing of seismic hazard map in the USA. Therefore, with a consideration of near fault ground motion caused by the rupture directivity, the regression model used in the development of the regional attenuation relation should be modified accordingly.

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Section: Data Analysis and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of attenuation relation for the near fault ground motion from the characteristic earthquake

2007

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“…In terms of real observations and numerical simulation of earthquake faulting, Somerville and Graves (2003) has investigated the characteristics of near fault ground motion related to the rupture directivity. For example, in the analyzing of the 1992, M S 7.5, Landers earthquake in California, they had found that in the forward direction of rupture, the particle displacement in fault normal direction appears a pulse shaped motion near the fault.…”

Section: Simulation Of Sanhe-pinggu Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mentougou and Fangshan areas, the ground motions have shown the unusual high peak values of accelerations compared with the results in Figure 8 which was derived from the traditional attenuation relations. Figure 8 gives the mean values of peak ground acceleration derived from five attenuation relations used in the Central and East United States, which were developed by Atkinson and Boore (1995), Campbell (2003), Frankel et al (1996, Somerville and Graves (2003), and Toro et al (1997). Although it is not completely suitable to use these attenuation relations in the description of ground motion characteristics in China, because of lacking sophisticated attenuation relation models, we use these attenuation model here only for the comparison purpose.…”

Section: Simulation Of Sanhe-pinggu Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

Strong motion simulation by the composite source modeling: A case study of 1679 M8.0 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake

2007

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In this study, a composite source model has been used to calculate the realistic strong ground motions in Beijing area, caused by 1679 M S 8.0 earthquake in Sanhe-Pinggu. The results could provide us the useful physical parameters for the future seismic hazard analysis in this area. Considering the regional geological/geophysical background, we simulated the scenario earthquake with an associated ground motions in the area ranging from 39.3°N to 41.1°N in latitude and from 115.35°E to 117.55°E in longitude. Some of the key factors which could influence the characteristics of strong ground motion have been discussed, and the resultant peak ground acceleration (PGA) distribution and the peak ground velocity (PGV) distribution around Beijing area also have been made as well. A comparison of the simulated result with the results derived from the attenuation relation has been made, and a sufficient discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of composite source model also has been given in this study. The numerical results, such as the PGA, PGV, peak ground displacement (PGD), and the three-component time-histories developed for Beijing area, have a potential application in earthquake engineering field and building code design, especially for the evaluation of critical constructions, government decision making and the seismic hazard assessment by financial/insurance companies.

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“…Strong ground motions may destabilize slopes by overtopping static gravity forces with transient inertial forces, building up pore water pressure within slope materials, and therefore weakening their shear resistance. SOMERVILLE and GRAVES (2003) review the current concepts in engineering seismology and the recent advances in modeling earthquake strong ground motions. They provide a useful list of state-of-the-art references on the modeling of strong ground motion.…”

Section: Modeling Earthquake Ground Motions and Source Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions

Bardet

Synolakis

Davies

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Geophysics

104

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Underwater landslides can trigger local tsunamis with high runup, endangering human life and devastating coastal cities, offshore structures, communication cables, and port facilities. Unfortunately, hazards from underwater landslides are not well understood and the extents of their potential damage remain difficult to ascertain at present. There is immediate need for multidisciplinary research to improve our understanding and plan countermeasures for mitigating their hazards. Conceived in the wake of the Papua New Guinea earthquake landslide and tsunami of 1998, this volume summarizes the state-ofthe-art knowledge on underwater landslides and their potential to generate tsunamis from the multidisciplinary perspectives of observational and engineering seismology, geotechnical engineering, marine geology, and hydrodynamics. These various fields of engineering and science offer new synergetic opportunities to examine landslide tsunamis. This paper makes recommendations on future research directions, and will hopefully advance scientists' and engineers' understanding of these natural hazards and assist planners in mitigating their risks.

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Characterization of Earthquake Strong Ground Motion

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Development of attenuation relation for the near fault ground motion from the characteristic earthquake

Development of attenuation relation for the near fault ground motion from the characteristic earthquake

Strong motion simulation by the composite source modeling: A case study of 1679 M8.0 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions

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