Characterization of electrode fouling during electrochemical oxidation of phenolic pollutant

Li, Xuefeng; You, Shijie; Ma, Fang; Zhou, Hao

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1345-7

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The inhibition and promotion at different anodes can be explained from two aspects. At first, the inhibition maybe caused by the electrode fouling due to the production of inert polymeric layer which impedes the following anodic reaction. , Such inhibition was reported for both an active electrode and a nonactive electrode such as IrO 2 , Pt, carbon felt, and titanium oxide . To study the electrode fouling phenomenon, the stability of the NF electrode with or without phenol was evaluated by CV tests for 180 cycles (Figure S2), and the fouling on the NF surface was characterized by SEM imaging and EDS mapping (Figure S3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Electrolyzation for Simultaneous Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Generation

Qin

Wei

et al. 2021

ACS EST Eng.

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Smart combining of electrooxidation of organic pollutant and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in a single reaction system is a promising solution for simultaneous wastewater treatment and renewable energy generation. Herein, we report a bifunctional electrolyzer with NiMoO 4 and its reduced derivative as the anode and the cathode for the phenol oxidation reaction (POR) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively. The anode shows high efficiency in phenol degradation, in which the direct oxidation by • OH on the anode surface is responsible for the POR. The cathode exhibits prominent HER performance with 67 mV overpotential at 10 mA/cm 2 and strong resistance to the poison effect from phenol degradation intermediates. It is demonstrated that the NiMoO 4based catalysts can be readily used as highly efficient and robust electrodes for simultaneous phenol degradation and H 2 generation. Such a bifunctional electrolyzation system opens a new avenue of advanced technologies for wastewater treatment and renewable energy production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Electrolyzation for Simultaneous Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Generation

Qin

Wei

et al. 2021

ACS EST Eng.

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“…This layer decreases the transfer rate of electrons between the pollutants and the anode surface and therefore limits the efficiency of the process. For example, Liu et al [56] investigated the electrode fouling process during EO for water spike with phenol (2 mmol/L). The polymeric layer decreased the electrochemically active surface area of the electrode from 8.38 cm 2 to 1.57 cm 2 and was developed in barely 100 min of electrolysis (2.0 mmol/L phenol in 0.1 mol/L NaCl at 1.0 V vs SHE).…”

Section: R=pop Mo=higher Oxide or Superoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some studies agree that the best antifouling strategy is to oxidize the polymeric layer by applying high potentials close to the water discharge region [56][57][58]. At anode potentials above 2.7 V vs SHE, anions such as chlorine can mitigate electrode fouling by preventing the formation of the polymer layer by active chlorine (• Cl and Cl 2 ) [56].…”

Section: R=pop Mo=higher Oxide or Superoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iniesta et al [57] found that at a low current density, high phenol concentration and low conversion, phenol is oxidized to aromatic compounds (benzoquinone, hydroquinone and catechol) which, according to Liu et al [56], these type of compounds could further combine with phenol radicals to generate phenoxy phenol or dihydroxyl benzene which then transformed into a coating layer that covers the anode's surface. Since biological treatment removed phenol from water, fouling risk decreased at low current densities.…”

Section: Eo As Post-treatment: Advantages and Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-Oxidation in Combination with Biological Processes for Removal of Persistent Pollutants in Wastewater: A Review

Navarro-Franco¹,

Garzón-Zúñiga²,

Drogui

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and emerging pollutants (EP) are characterized by their difficulty to be removed through biological oxidation processes (BOPs); they persist in the environment and could have adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem and human health. The electro-oxidation (EO) process has been successfully used as an alternative technique to oxidize many kinds of the aforementioned pollutants in wastewater. However, the EO process has been criticized for its high energy consumption cost and its potential generation of by-products. In order to decrease these drawbacks, its combination with biological oxidation processes has been reported as a solution to reduce costs and to reach high rates of recalcitrant pollutants removal from wastewaters. Thus, the location of EO in the treatment line is an important decision to make, since this decision affects the formation of by-products and biodegradability enhancement. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of EO as a pre and post-treatment in combination with BOPs. A perspective of the EO scale-up is also presented, where hydrodynamics and the relationship of A/V (area of the electrode/working volume of the electrochemical cell) experiments are examined and discussed.

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“…The electrode can be seriously deactivated due to electrode contamination from intermediate byproducts of organic pollutants. 14,15 Pei et al 16 reported that when a Ti plate was used for the anodic electro-oxidation of phenol, the performance deceased by 80% after 3 cycles, which was due to the polymer film-induced electrode insulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Phenol Electro-oxidation by Oxygen Evolution Reaction on an Active Electrode for Efficient Pollution Control and Hydrogen Evolution

Qin

Wei

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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We report an electrolysis system using NiFe layered double hydroxide/CoMoO 4 /nickel foam (NFLDH/CMO/NF) as the anode and CMO/NF as the cathode for simultaneous phenol electro-oxidation and water electrolysis. This system shows high performance for both phenol degradation and hydrogen evolution. We demonstrate that the degradation rate of phenol on the active anode is governed by the mass transfer rate at a low phenol concentration (0.5−2 mM) and by the electro-oxidation rate at a high phenol concentration (5 mM). The anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can promote the phenol degradation through enhanced mass transfer efficiency. More importantly, the common deactivation issue of phenol electro-oxidation on the inert anode can be eliminated by the high OER activity of the active anode. The constructed full electrolytic cell only needs a low potential of 1.498 V to achieve 10 mA/cm 2 for water electrolysis. The reported promotion effect of phenol degradation by OER as well as the improved anode resistance to deactivation offer new insights into efficient and robust waste-to-resource electrolysis system for water treatment.

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Characterization of electrode fouling during electrochemical oxidation of phenolic pollutant

Cited by 36 publications

References 36 publications

Bifunctional Electrolyzation for Simultaneous Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Generation

Bifunctional Electrolyzation for Simultaneous Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Generation

Electro-Oxidation in Combination with Biological Processes for Removal of Persistent Pollutants in Wastewater: A Review

Promotion of Phenol Electro-oxidation by Oxygen Evolution Reaction on an Active Electrode for Efficient Pollution Control and Hydrogen Evolution

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