Characterization of endosteal osteoblasts isolated from human maxilla and mandible: An experimental system for biocompatibility tests

Abstract

Fragments of cancellous and cortical bone from human maxilla and mandible were cultured by the explant technique. Cells isolated by trypsinization of primary cultures were characterized as osteoblasts on the basis of intracellular alkaline phosphatase activity, the constituents of the extracellular matrix, and response to human parathormone (PTH). In culture, the osteoblasts often gave rise to superposed clumps of large cells whose cytoplasm contained endoplasmic reticulum, numerous mitochondria, vacuoles, and a dense network of intermediate filaments, often at the level of the plasma membrane. In the presence of vitamin C and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the osteoblasts produced an extracellular matrix composed of collagen type I and various non-collagenous proteins, including osteocalcin. Biochemical test results were comparable to those reported for osteoblasts of other origins (rat calvaria, human iliac crest), and namely elevated intracellular alkaline phosphatase activity and cAMP accumulation in response to stimulation by human PTH (1-34). Osteoblasts isolated in this manner were cultured in the presence of pure titanium disks to determine the effects of exposure to this metal. Electron microscopy revealed few significant differences in cell growth and specific enzyme activity compared to control osteoblasts grown on plastic dishes, reflecting the excellent biologic and biochemical relationship between the osteoblasts and pure titanium. This experimental system thus appears suitable for biocompatibility studies, and in particular, evaluation of dental implants.

Effects of titanium surfaces blasted with TiO2particles on the initial attachment of cells derived from human mandibular bone

“…The production of osteocalcin by cells derived from human mandibular bone in vitro was not detectable in the absence of added !,25(OH)2D3. This is in agreement with other earlier studies using cells derived from mandibular bone (Doglioli & Scortecci 1991;Locci etal. 1997).…”

Effects of titanium surfaces blasted with TiO2 particles on the initial attachment of cells derived from human mandibular bone

“…The production of osteocalcin by cells derived from human mandibular bone in vitro was not detectable in the absence of added 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 . This is in agreement 125 with other earlier studies using cells derived from mandibular bone (Doglioli & Scortecci 1991;Locci et al 1997).…”

Two Techniques for the Preparation of Cell-Scaffold Constructs Suitable for Sinus Augmentation: Steps into Clinical Application

“…Autologous bone was taken from the maxillary tuberosity. 16 The bone chips were processed as described previously 1,17,18 in modified standard Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (ICN-flow, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) replacing fetal bovine serum with human autologous serum. 17 After 2 weeks of in vitro culture, the osteoblast-like cells were inoculated in F75 plastic tissue culture flasks (Falcon, Becton-Dickinson & Co., Plymouth, UK).…”