Characterization of Escherichia coli isolated from calf diarrhea in and around Kombolcha, South Wollo, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Gebregiorgis, Ashenafi; Tessema, Tesfaye Sisay

doi:10.1007/s11250-015-0946-9

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of STEC and ETEC incriminated in calf diarrhea, with special reference to the Shiga-toxins genes ( stx 1 and stx 2) and enterotoxins genes ( lt and sta ) that govern their pathogenesis, as well as the virulence genes; eae A and f 41, and the screening of their antimicrobial resistance profiles and antimicrobial resistance genes; aad B, sul 1, and bla- TEM. The overall prevalence of E. coli was 28.8%, which is lower than what was reported in diarrheic calves in Egypt (63.6%) [ 13 ], Ethiopia (36.8%) [ 14 ], Argentina (30.1%) [ 15 ] and India (85.04%) [ 16 ]; however, a lower prevalence was reported in other previous studies in Korea (22%) [ 17 ] and Switzerland (5.5%) [ 18 ]. Differences in the prevalence of E. coli may be due to the differences in geography, management practices, floor type, health conditions, and the calf’s age [ 2 , 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The overall prevalence of E. coli was 28.8%, which is lower than what was reported in diarrheic calves in Egypt (63.6%) [ 13 ], Ethiopia (36.8%) [ 14 ], Argentina (30.1%) [ 15 ] and India (85.04%) [ 16 ]; however, a lower prevalence was reported in other previous studies in Korea (22%) [ 17 ] and Switzerland (5.5%) [ 18 ]. Differences in the prevalence of E. coli may be due to the differences in geography, management practices, floor type, health conditions, and the calf’s age [ 2 , 13 , 15 ]. Further, the high rate of E. coli isolation in the present study could be attributed to many reasons, such as the mixing of different age groups, poor environmental and hygienic conditions, or the poor quantity and/or quality of colostrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In Argentina, the most prevalent virulence genes of pathogenic E. coli isolated from dairy calves were k 99, f 41 and f 5 [ 15 ]. In Brazil, the prevalence of the combination of sta and lt genes was 3.9% in E. coli isolated from diarrheic calves [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

Algammal

El-Kholy

Riad³

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Calf diarrhea is one of the considerable infectious diseases in calves, which results in tremendous economic losses globally. To determine the prevalence of Shiga-toxigenic E. coli (STEC) and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) incriminated in calf diarrhea, with special reference to Shiga- toxins genes (stx1 and stx2) and enterotoxins genes (lt and sta) that govern their pathogenesis, as well as the virulence genes; eaeA (intimin) and f41(fimbrial adhesion), and the screening of their antibiogram and antimicrobial resistance genes; aadB, sul1, and bla-TEM, a total of 274 fecal samples were collected (April 2018–Feb 2019) from diarrheic calves at different farms in El-Sharqia Governorate, Egypt. The bacteriological examination revealed that the prevalence of E. coli in diarrheic calves was 28.8%. The serotyping of the isolated E. coli revealed 7 serogroups; O26, O128, O111, O125, O45, O119 and O91. Furthermore, the Congo red binding test was carried out, where 89.8% of the examined strains (n = 71) were positive. The antibiogram of the isolated strains was investigated; the majority of E. coli serotypes exhibit multidrug resistance (MDR) to four antimicrobial agents; neomycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, and amikacin. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the prevalence of the virulence genes; stx1, stx2 lt, sta, f41 and eaeA, as well as the antimicrobial resistance genes; aadB, sul1, and bla-TEM. The prevalence of STEC was 20.2% (n = 16), while the prevalence of ETEC was 30.4% (n = 24). Briefly, the Shiga toxins genes; stx1 and stx2, are the most prevalent virulence genes associated with STEC, which are responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease and helped by the intimin gene (eaeA). In addition, the lt gene is the most prevalent enterotoxin gene accompanied by the ETEC strains, either alone or in combination with sta and/or f41 genes. The majority of pathogenic E. coli incriminated in calf diarrhea possesses the aadB resistance gene, followed by the sul1 gene. Enrofloxacin, florfenicol, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and ampicillin-sulbactam, are the most effective antimicrobial agents against the isolated STEC and ETEC strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

Algammal

El-Kholy

Riad³

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…Among numerous infectious agents causing diarrhea in calves, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and bovine rotavirus (BoRVA) are recognized as the most important viral pathogens (Athanassious et al 1994). Moreover, bovine norovirus (BNoV) and bovine torovirus (BToV) are frequently associated with acute diarrhea in calves (Gebregiorgis and Tessema 2016;Mohamed et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular surveillance of viral pathogens associated with diarrhea in pre-weaned Korean native calves

Ryu

Shin

Choi

2020

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Calf diarrhea causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine norovirus (BNoV), bovine group A rotavirus (BoRVA), and bovine torovirus (BToV) in calves aged ≤ 60 days, regardless of diarrhea, across nine different regions in the Republic of Korea (ROK) and reported associations between these viruses and diarrhea. Fecal samples were collected rectally from 689 calves: normal (n = 360) and diarrheic (n = 329). BNoV (84/689, 12.2%) was the most prevalent regardless of diarrhea, followed by BCoV (37/689, 5.4%), BToV (15/689, 2.2%), and BoRVA (13/689, 1.9%). Although BCoV (P = 0.032) and BoRVA (P = 0.007) were significantly associated with diarrhea in pre-weaned calves, BNoV and BToV showed no association. Infection by the four pathogens had no relationship with calf age; BoRVA was detected only in calves aged < 30 days, but this finding was not statistically significant. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that BCoV isolates obtained in this study were distinct from the other known BCoVs, and all BNoV isolates belonged to GIII.2 genotype; genetic variations in BNoVs are present in the ROK. BoRVA isolates distributed in the ROK were assigned to G6P[5]. Within the P[5] genotype, our isolates were divided into two lineages: P[5]-III and P[5]-VIII. P[5]-VIII lineage was dominant in pre-weaned Korean native calves. Our BToV isolates were more closely related to a European isolate, B145, than to Japanese isolates. Here, BNoV was frequently identified in calves, suggesting its non-significant contribution to calf diarrhea, whereas BCoV and BoRVA were responsible for calf diarrhea in the ROK. Consequently, our results highlight the importance of rapid diagnosis against these viruses in calf diarrhea.

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“…Calf diarrhea is result from multifactorial: incorrect management of calves; feeding, age, and animal breed were the most important risk factors of death rate (Muluken et al, 2017). Ashenafi and Tesfaye (2016) isolated Escherichia coli from diarrheic calves, and determined risk factors associated with its isolation. They concluded that younger age and low colostrum feeding were significantly associated with E. coli isolation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with E. coli causing neonatal calf diarrhea

Mohammed¹,

Marouf

Erfana³

et al. 2019

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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Calf diarrhea is one of the major health challenges in cattle herds. The bacteriological examination of fecal samples collected from apparently healthy and diarrheic calves' revealed isolation of 26 E. coli isolates out of 56 calves with an incidence of 46.4%. Serogroups O1, O26, O44, O55, O115, O119, O125, O146, and O151 were identified from the collected fecal samples. Using PCR all isolates was positive for ompA gene species specific for E. coli . While stx 1 and eae A genes detected with incidence of 3.8 and 19.2% respectively from the isolates. The presence of stx 2 gene was negative in the fecal isolates. Among colostrum samples 4 E. coli isolates were detected and serogrouped to O26, O55 and O119. They were negative for eae A, stx 1 and stx 2 except strain number 4 (O55) was positive for stx 1. E. coli strains were sensitive to norfloxacin (80.7%) and resistant to ampicillin and cefotaxime (100% each). Based on our findings, there was no association between occurrence of E. coli and age of calf (2–14 days), while bottle feeding calf colostrum may be a source of E. coli contamination.

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Characterization of Escherichia coli isolated from calf diarrhea in and around Kombolcha, South Wollo, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

Molecular surveillance of viral pathogens associated with diarrhea in pre-weaned Korean native calves

Risk factors associated with E. coli causing neonatal calf diarrhea

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