Characterization of Estrous Cyclicity in the Sable Antelope(Hippotragus niger)through Fecal Progestagen Monitoring

Thompson, Katerina V.; Mashburn, Kendall L.; Monfort, Steven L.

doi:10.1006/gcen.1998.7152

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The occurrence of recurring cyclic ovarian activity in cowseven while completely isolated from males-suggests that environmental cues are sufficient for annually up-regulating ovarian activity in wildebeest cows. This concurs with findings in other Bovidae (Sempere et al, 1996;Goodrowe et al, 1996;Thompson et al" 1998;Morrow et al, 1999;), but differs from the closest related species studied to date, the blesbok. Marais and Skinner (1993) found that female blesbok held in the presence of a male were polyestrous, whereas those in isolation remained anestrus until the introduction of a male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The average estrous cycle duration (~ 23 days) was similar to estrous cycle lengths reported for other Bovidae, including Antilopinae (gerenuk, Litocranius walleri waiieri, 19 days, Penfold et al, 2005; suni, Neotragus moschatus zuluensis, 21 days, Loskutoff et al, 1990), Bovinae (water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, 20 days, Kenai and Shimizu, 1986;domestic cattle, 21 days, Thatcher, 1999;African buffalo, 23 days, Sinclair, 1977b), Hippotraginae (sable antelope, 24 days, Thompson et al, 1998; Arabian oryx, 24 days, Sempere et al, 1996;scimitar-horned oryx, 25 days, Morrow et al, 1999) and Caprinae (musk oxen, Ovibus moschatus, 20 days, Rowell and Flood, 1988; Ball's sheep, 18 days, Goodrowe et al" 1996). The occurrence of recurring cyclic ovarian activity in cowseven while completely isolated from males-suggests that environmental cues are sufficient for annually up-regulating ovarian activity in wildebeest cows.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Other than this information, there is a lack of fundamental data on reproductive physiology of Alcelaphinae with the exception of blesbok, which have been shown to be seasonally polyestrous (Marais and Skinner, 1993). Substantially greater basic knowledge has been generated for other wildlife species comprising the Bovidae subfamilies, including Antilopinae (Loskutoff et al, 1990;Penfold et al, 2005), Bovinae (Fogwell, 1999), Caprinae (Goodrowe et al, 1996), and Hippotraginae (Asa et al, 1996;Sempere et al, 1996;Thompson et al, 1998;Morrow et al, 1999). The common feature within these taxa is the significant variation in physiological function between species, thereby reinforcing the need to characterize each species of interest because ungulates have evolved substantially different reproductive mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine patterns of the estrous cycle and pregnancy of wildebeest in the Serengeti ecosystem

Clay

Estes

Thompson

et al. 2010

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine patterns of the estrous cycle and pregnancy of wildebeest in the Serengeti ecosystem

Clay

Estes

Thompson

et al. 2010

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…Here we report on the development of a method for assay of T in feces of this species. We compare the profile of 2 fecal T with that for plasma T through the reproductive cycle of blotched blue-tongued lizards, and also examine the relative proportions of conjugated and free T in feces.We collected fecal samples from captive male Tiliqua nigrolutea from March 1997 - Samples were then lyophilized for 24 h to control for varying water content Thompson et al, 1998). The lyophilized samples were ground, and the fecal material separated from dried plant material and snail shells to produce a powder ready for extraction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were then lyophilized for 24 h to control for varying water content Thompson et al, 1998). The lyophilized samples were ground, and the fecal material separated from dried plant material and snail shells to produce a powder ready for extraction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Testosterone Concentrations May Not Be Useful for Monitoring Reproductive Status in Male Blue-Tongued Lizards (Tiliqua nigrolutea: Scincidae)

Atkins

Jones

Edwards

2002

Journal of Herpetology

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Assessment of reproductive status in animals generally depends on monitoring hormone concentrations in plasma, but blood sampling often involves significant stress to the subject. Monitoring steroid profiles by assaying excreted steroids in urine and/or fecal samples is non-invasive, but does pose some problems. Unlike plasma assays, urinary and fecal steroid analyses are of relatively little value in monitoring rapid, short-term changes in hormone concentrations (Heistermann et al., 1993) because there is a significant delay between production and excretion of steroids. However, such assays do enable measurement of "pooled" hormone concentrations over time (Wildt et al,. 1995;Brown, 1997).Hormones do not usually appear unchanged in the urine or feces, but are present as a range of metabolites produced by the liver, the major site of steroid metabolism (Kime, 1987). The proportions and forms of steroid excreted differ between the two excretory pathways, and may be highly variable between species (Aldercreutz et al,. 1980). In the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) 97% of testosterone (T) is excreted as unconjugated metabolites in the feces (Vellosso et al., 1998), while in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) 60 % of steroids are excreted in the feces and 40 % in the urine (Monfort et al., 1997). A proportion of the excreted steroid is present as water-soluble conjugates -glucuronidates and/or sulfates -which can complicate hormone analysis. In most mammals, however, voided feces contain a higher percentage of free than conjugated steroids Vellosso et al., 1998;Adams et al., 1994), so excreted steroids are measurable by standard assay procedures. However, even if the same hormones are produced, different liver enzymes may produce different metabolites for excretion (Hodges, 1986); fecal steroid assays therefore need to be validated separately for each species. 1Most studies of fecal steroids have been conducted in mammalian species (Schwarzenberger et al., 1996), with limited work on birds such as the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) (Cockrem & Rounce, 1995). This critically endangered, cryptic species is not amenable to invasive monitoring strategies, but Cockrem and Rounce (1995) have successfully utilized the ratio of fecal T to estrogen to assign sex in kakapo. Fecal steroid monitoring has also been used to follow the reproductive cycle in Japanese crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), and rock ptarmigian (Lagopus mutus) (Kikuchi & Ishi, 1997), and in the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) (Wasser et al.,1997;Brown et al., 1995).There are, however, only two published reports of the application of fecal steroid monitoring to reptiles. The reproductive cycles, characterized by behavioral observations and ultrasound imaging, of four species of tortoise (Geochelone elephantopus, G. gigantea;Testudo gracea, T. hermanni) have been positively correlated with profiles of fecal steroid metabolites (Casares, 1995;Dobeli et al., 1992). Ideally, fecal steroid profiles should be validated against plasma steroid profil...

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Reproductive adaptations to a large‐brained fetus open a vulnerability to anovulation similar to polycystic ovary syndrome

Barnett

Abbott

2003

American J Hum Biol

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During the ovarian or menstrual cycle, prior to ovulation, many female primates exhibit a relatively prolonged follicular phase and terminate the postovulatory luteal phase with menstrual bleeding. The prolonged follicular phase is a trait that distinguishes primate from nonprimate species. It enables extended estrogen-induced proliferation and growth of the uterine endometrium prior to progesterone-induced maturation during the luteal phase to accommodate a potential pregnancy with a rapidly invading placenta. Progressive development of both an extended duration of estrogen-induced, preimplantation endometrial proliferation and a rapidly invading placenta across the Primate order may well have been necessary to accommodate differentiation and growth of an increasingly large fetal brain. Prolongation of the follicular phase in primates has also led to the isolation of the final stages of follicle selection (growth deviation of the dominant follicle from its contemporaries) solely within the follicular phase and thus outside the protection of luteal phase progesterone inhibition of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Such primate reproductive characteristics put the latter stages of ovarian follicle selection at risk of exposure to excessive pituitary secretion of LH. Excessive secretion of LH during follicle selection could result not only in impaired follicle development, excessive ovarian androgen secretion, and ovulation failure, but also in excessive estrogenic stimulation of the uterine endometrium without intervening menstrual periods. Such reproductive abnormalities are all found in a single, prevalent infertility syndrome afflicting women in their reproductive years: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We propose that successful female reproductive adaptations to accommodate the growth demands of large-brained primate fetuses have facilitated a particular vulnerability of higher primates to hypergonadotropic disruption of ovulatory function, as found in PCOS.

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Characterization of Estrous Cyclicity in the Sable Antelope(Hippotragus niger)through Fecal Progestagen Monitoring

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Endocrine patterns of the estrous cycle and pregnancy of wildebeest in the Serengeti ecosystem

Endocrine patterns of the estrous cycle and pregnancy of wildebeest in the Serengeti ecosystem

Fecal Testosterone Concentrations May Not Be Useful for Monitoring Reproductive Status in Male Blue-Tongued Lizards (Tiliqua nigrolutea: Scincidae)

Reproductive adaptations to a large‐brained fetus open a vulnerability to anovulation similar to polycystic ovary syndrome

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