Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from High Mileage Catalyst-Equipped Automobiles

Respeciation of organic gas emissions and the detection of excess unburned gasoline in the atmosphere

“…The monitoring sites used in the receptor modeling calculations are shown in Figure 6. The list of sites includes Glendora [special monitoring site for the Carbonaceous Species Methods Comparison Study (8), August [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]1986], Claremont, Long Beach, Anaheim, Azusa, Burbank, central Los Angeles, Hawthorne, and Rubidoux [intensive monitoring sites during the Southern California Air Quality Study (SCAQS) (9), summer and fall 1987], Unlike the samples collected at Glendora which were 4-and 8-h-average samples, the hydrocarbon samples collected during SCAQS were obtained over 1-h sampling intervals. The samples were collected in stainless steel canisters by Aerovironment (60) at 0600,1100, and 1500 PST, with additional samples collected at the Claremont and Long Beach sites only at 0400, 0800 and 1300 h PST.…”

Estimates of the emission rates of ammonia from light-duty vehicles using standard chassis dynamometer test cycles

“…The identification of NH 3 in vehicle exhaust dates back to the 1970s (Bradow and Stump, 1977;Cadle et al, 1979;Cadle and Mulawa, 1980;Smith and Carey, 1982;Urban and Garbe, 1979). Early studies showed that reactions over the catalyst surface could result in the formation of NH 3 (Shelef and Gandhi, 1972a, b).…”

On-road emission rates of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and gaseous hydrocarbon

“…An evaluation of 10 1978 and 1979 model year highmileage catalsyt-equipped passenger cars was performed by EPA (41). Emission rates for CO, NO*, and HC were found to average 1.0, 1.2, and 0.21 g/vehicle km on the highway driving cycle and 7.9,1.2, and 0.69 g/vehicle km on the urban cycle.…”