Characterization of Fe0@Chitosan/Cellulose structure as effective green adsorbent for methyl Parathion, malachite Green, and levofloxacin Removal: Experimental and theoretical studies

Advanced Equilibrium Modeling for the Synergetic Effect of β-Cyclodextrin Integration on the Adsorption Efficiency of Methyl Parathion by β-Cyclodextrin/Exfoliated Kaolinite Nanocomposite

“…The first stage demonstrates that the external MP adsorption processes were the most effective mechanisms by initiating the tests, and the efficiency of the MP uptake reaction in this stage relies on the overall amounts of surficial active receptors of K, EXK, and β-CD/EXK (Figure B) . By prolonging the period, new stages were detected, which indicates the effectiveness of different extra mechanisms known as layered adsorption processes (Figure B). , These other mechanisms also involve the influence of MP diffusion activities. Finally, it has been observed that the third and last stages are predominant if K, EXK, and β-CD/EXK are in their equilibrium states of MP adsorption.…”

“…Organophosphates are a commonly employed pesticide in agriculture owing to their great effectiveness and low cost. , Parathion (O, O -diethyl- O -4-nitro-phenyl thiophosphate), a highly effective and frequently employed organophosphorus insecticide, has been extensively determined in the world’s major sources of freshwater. , The World Health Organization (WHO) designated parathion as an extremely potentially toxic and carcinogenic chemical compound that exhibits high levels of water solubility, migration and mobility, biodegradability resistance, and penetration into soil. , As a result, its presence as an organic pollutant within groundwater as well as surface water has been extensively documented, causing significant dangerous and poisonous impacts on human beings, mammals, and aquatic organisms, in addition to its hindering effect on the acetylcholinesterase enzyme within our nervous systems. , …”

“…Previous toxicity and environmental risks, as well as the deep penetration qualities of parathion insecticides into the soil’s profile until groundwater, have issued significant warnings for developing appropriate remediation strategies for these types of chemicals . Photocatalytic oxidation, filtration through membranes, the coagulation process, and adsorption methods are the most commonly employed techniques in the remediation of parathion insecticides. , Adsorption methods for removing such organic chemicals from water were extensively advocated in subsequent periods as simple, inexpensive, efficient, and recyclable techniques. , The cost of manufacturing, simplicity of fabricating, recycling potential, adsorption kinetics, accessibility, and adsorption capacity were considered while selecting the best materials to use as adsorbents. , …”

“…17,18 The cost of manufacturing, simplicity of fabricating, recycling potential, adsorption kinetics, accessibility, and adsorption capacity were considered while selecting the best materials to use as adsorbents. 12,19 As a result, synthesized adsorbents derived from naturally occurring substances have recently been evaluated and presented as highly efficient and prospective adsorbents that might be employed for eliminating many different types of organic contaminants from water. 20,21 The purification of both organic and inorganic contaminants has been recently investigated using sophisticated modified varieties of clay mineral as cost-effective, extremely effective, and environmentally friendly structures.…”

Advanced Equilibrium Studies for the Synergetic Impact of Polyaniline on the Adsorption of Rhodamine B Dye by Polyaniline/Coal Composite

“…Polyaniline has piqued the interest of researchers as an attractive conducting polymer with excellent surface area, substantial stability, high adsorption capacity, nontoxicity, affordable cost, and great environmental advantages. − The surface of the PANI has high adsorption affinities toward the soluble dye molecules, involving different mechanisms such as pi–pi interaction, electrostatic interaction, and H-bonding. , Additionally, the polymeric structure of PANI contains numerous amine and imine functional groups with a single pair of electrons that also induce its adsorption capacity. , Therefore, the coating of the PANI framework on the surfaces of the other materials in the literature resulted in extremely significant structures that exhibited excellent effectiveness in the reduction of common contaminants from wastewaters. ,, This includes its integration with magnetite, cuprous oxide, CNTs, graphite, fibers, graphene, and zeolite. − However, most of the structures are of no sufficient natural availability and still have high costs, low affinities for organic compounds, and complicated synthesis procedures as compared to structure of coal.…”