Characterization of Flavonoids in the Ethomedicine Fordiae Cauliflorae Radix and Its Adulterant Millettiae Pulchrae Radix by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn

Abstract

Fordiae Cauliflorae Radix (FC, the root of Fordia cauliflora Hemsl) and Millettiae Pulchrae Radix [MP, the root of Millettia pulchra (Benth.) Kurz var. laxior (Dunn) Z. Wei], which go under the same local name of "Daluosan", have long been used in Southern China for the treatment of stroke, paralysis, dementia in children, Alzheimer's disease and other diseases. The same local name and similar functions always confuse users. To further utilize these two ethnodrugs and identify them unambiguously, an HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n method was developed to separate and characterize the flavonoids in FC and MP. A total of 41 flavonoids were detected, of which six compounds were identified by comparing their retention time and MS data with those of the reference standards, and the others were tentatively identified based on their tandem mass spectrometry data obtained in the positive ion detection mode. Nineteen of these characterized compounds are reported from these two plants for the first time.

Chemical Profile Analysis and Comparison of Two Versions of the Classic TCM Formula Danggui Buxue Tang by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn

“…For comparison, different columns (Phenomenex RP C 18 , Agilent RP C 18 ) were tested for sample separation, and Phenomenex RP C 18 gave the best chromatographic resolution. The column was eluted with a gradient mobile phase that consisted of water-formic acid (100:0.1, v/v) (A), acetonitrile (B) and at a flow rate of 1.0000 mL/min, in addition, 0.1% (v/v) formic acid was added to improve the mass spectrometry ionization efficiency and enable symmetric peak shapes [12]. Both the positive ion (PI) and negative ion(NI) modes were tested for the experiment.…”

“…All of those medicinal materials were purchased from Guangzhou Zixing Herbal Company in Guangzhou at June in 2013 by Liu Jing and they are identified by Prof. Chen Hu-Biao. The following reference compounds: (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan (astrapterocarpan), ononin, formononetin, 6''- O -acetyl-ononin, calycosin, ferulic acid, (3R)-7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan (astraisoflavan), calycosin-7- O - β - d -glucoside, astrapterocarpan-7- O - β - d -glucoside, Z -ligustilide, E -ligustilide, astragaloside I, astragaloside II, astragaloside III, astragaloside IV, astragaloside V, astraisoflavan-7- O - β - d -glucoside and 6''- O -acetyl-astraisoflavan-7- O - β - d -glucoside were prepared and identified in our preliminary work [10,11,12,13,14]. Acetonitrile (Merck Co., Darmstadt, Germany) and formic acid (Mreda Technology Inc., Beijing, China) were of HPLC grade.…”

Metabolomics of the Protective Effect of Ampelopsis grossedentata and Its Major Active Compound Dihydromyricetin on the Liver of High‐Fat Diet Hamster

“…e AG sample was analyzed under the "2.3" chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions to obtain the base peak intensity (BPI) chromatograms in HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n (Figure 2.) In total, 31 flavonoid compounds were obtained of which 29 could be identified based on our previous results [34] and literature data [35][36][37][38][39][40] ( Table 1 and Figure 3). Of note, the retention time of DMY was 20.387 min.…”

“…With HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n , 31 compounds were detected in AG extracts, 29 of which could be identified based on our previous results [34] and literature [35][36][37][38][39][40]. Of these 29 identified compounds, most were flavonoids, in addition to a small amount of polyphenols, triterpenoids, and others.…”

A Split G-Quadruplex and Graphene Oxide-Based Low-Background Platform for Fluorescence Authentication of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

“…However, there exist many adulterants in the market, for example, Lophatherum gracile (LG), Liriope platyphylla (LP), Ophiopogon japonicus (OJ), Stemona sessilifolia (SS) and Stemona japonica (SJ) [ 7 ]. Based on well-characterized marker compounds, scientists have developed various authentication methods, e.g., HPLC-MS [ 8 ], HPCE [ 9 ], GC-MS [ 10 ] and NIR spectroscopy [ 6 ]. Furthermore, nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS) possessing highly conserved and variable regions [ 11 ] has been frequently used as genetic marker for the authenticity of Chinese herbal medicines [ 12 ].…”