Characterization of Fluorescence Collection Optics Integrated with a Microfabricated Surface Electrode Ion Trap

Clark, Craig Robert; Chou, C. W.; Ellis, A. Robert; Hunker, J. D.; Kemme, Shanalyn A.; Maunz, Peter; Tabakov, Boyan; Tigges, C.P.; Stick, Daniel Lynn

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.1.024004

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We tested the properties of the integrated mirror by measuring its collection efficiency with a protocol for the creation of triggered single photons and acquiring a near diffraction-limited image of a single ion. With such image quality we were able to obtained an overall coupling efficiency from ion into single mode fiber which doubled what was previously achieved with micro-trap and multimode fibers by direct collection 6 and with the use of diffractive lenses 7 respectively. The diffractive mirror has a focal length of 59.6 μm which correspond to the ion height necessary for high resolution imaging, when the collimated flourescence is refocused by an external lens at the desired magnification (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The ions are simultaneously strongly coupled to each other through the Coulomb force, and decoupled from the surrounding environment. The strong mutual coupling is critical for implementing deterministic multi-qubit entangling gates, 9,10 while the external decoupling enables memory coherence times approaching 1 min 2 and single qubit gate error rates 11 below 10 −4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scalable ion–photon quantum interface based on integrated diffractive mirrors

et al. 2017

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Quantum networking links quantum processors through remote entanglement for distributed quantum information processing and secure long-range communication. Trapped ions are a leading quantum information processing platform, having demonstrated universal small-scale processors and roadmaps for large-scale implementation. Overall rates of ion-photon entanglement generation, essential for remote trapped ion entanglement, are limited by coupling efficiency into single mode fibers and scaling to many ions. Here, we show a microfabricated trap with integrated diffractive mirrors that couples 4.1(6)% of the fluorescence from a 174 Yb + ion into a single mode fiber, nearly triple the demonstrated bulk optics efficiency. The integrated optic collects 5.8(8)% of the π transition fluorescence, images the ion with sub-wavelength resolution, and couples 71(5)% of the collected light into the fiber. Our technology is suitable for entangling multiple ions in parallel and overcomes mode quality limitations of existing integrated optical interconnects.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable ion–photon quantum interface based on integrated diffractive mirrors

et al. 2017

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“…This periodic dependence of the coupling strengths has been demonstrated in cavity experiments with trapped ions [1,[20][21][22]. However, the use of cavities involves technical challenges, in particular when integrating the cavity with microfabricated ion traps where optics and dielectric mirrors can become charged [23,24].In this paper, we demonstrate the same position dependence with a single mirror which, in this case, is simply the surface of the ion trap itself ( Fig. 1(b)).…”

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confidence: 66%

Modulating carrier and sideband coupling strengths in a standing-wave gate beam

et al. 2015

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We control the relative coupling strength of carrier and first order motional sideband interactions of a trapped ion by placing it in a resonant optical standing wave. Our configuration uses the surface of a microfabricated chip trap as a mirror, avoiding technical challenges of in-vacuum optical cavities. Displacing the ion along the standing wave, we show a periodic suppression of the carrier and sideband transitions with the cycles for the two cases 180 • out of phase with each other. This technique allows for suppression of off-resonant carrier excitations when addressing the motional sidebands, and has applications in quantum simulation and quantum control. Using the standing wave fringes, we measure the relative ion height as a function of applied electric field, allowing for a precise measurement of ion displacement and, combined with measured micromotion amplitudes, a validation of trap numerical models.The excitation spectrum of a trapped ion in a radio frequency (RF) trap acquires sidebands due to the harmonic motion of the ion ( Fig. 1(a)) [1]. The interaction between an optical field and the the trapped ion leads to an almost ideal Jaynes-Cummings interaction [2, 3] which couples the internal degrees of freedom to the ion motion and is the basis for two-qubit gates in ion trap quantum computation [4][5][6]. Sideband interactions are used in trapped ion experiments for a variety of additional functions such as cooling to the motional ground state [7], measurements of the ion heating rate [8,9], and identifying and cooling molecular ions [10][11][12]. Off-resonant coupling to the carrier transition, either evident as motion independent population transfer or an AC Stark shift, places a limit on the speed of the sideband interactions. Suppressing the carrier can remove this limit and, in particular, would allow for improved two-qubit gate fidelities as the gate time becomes comparable or shorter than a cycle of the harmonic motion [5,13].Suppression of the carrier also has applications in quantum simulation. Trapped ions have been proposed as a system for modeling the expansion of the universe [14]. The simulation requires off-resonant excitation of both the red and blue sidebands by a red-detuned exciting field, with no coupling to the carrier. Because the blue sideband is both weaker and further from resonance than the carrier transition, suppression of the carrier is important for such an experiment.Replacing running wave optical beams with standing wave beams provides a method to selectively suppress the carrier and reduce off-resonant excitations when addressing the motional sidebands [15,16]. In such a configuration, the coupling strengths of the carrier and sidebands acquire a periodic dependence on the atom's spatial po-sition within the standing wave fringes [15,17], with the cycles for the two cases 180 • out of phase with each other. Standing wave beams have also been proposed for use in measuring parity nonconservation effects in trapped ions for this reason [18,19]. This periodic dependence ...

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“…However, the resulting entanglement rate for remote ion-ion entanglement will be much lower because two ions must be simultaneously entangled with photons, and therefore, these limiting factors are squared. The easiest factor to improve in this expression is the collection solid angle through the use of optical cavities in vacuum [18], diffractive optics [19,20], or improved collection optics. We have designed an ion trap incorporating a parabolic mirror similar to our previous spherical mirror design [21].…”

Section: Ion-photon Entanglementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a scalable quantum computing architecture with mixed species ion chains

Wright

Auchter

Chou

et al. 2016

Quantum Inf Process

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We report on progress toward implementing mixed ion species quantum information processing for a scalable ion-trap architecture. Mixed species chains may help solve several problems with scaling ion-trap quantum computation to large numbers of qubits. Initial temperature measurements of linear Coulomb crystals containing barium and ytterbium ions indicate that the mass difference does not significantly impede cooling at low ion numbers. Average motional occupation numbers are estimated to ben ≈ 130 quanta per mode for chains with small numbers of ions, which is within a factor of three of the Doppler limit for barium ions in our trap. We also discuss generation of ion-photon entanglement with barium ions with a fidelity of F ≥ 0.84, which is an initial step towards remote ion-ion coupling in a more scalable quantum information architecture. Further, we are working to implement these techniques in surface traps in order to exercise greater control over ion chain ordering and positioning.

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Characterization of Fluorescence Collection Optics Integrated with a Microfabricated Surface Electrode Ion Trap

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Scalable ion–photon quantum interface based on integrated diffractive mirrors

Scalable ion–photon quantum interface based on integrated diffractive mirrors

Modulating carrier and sideband coupling strengths in a standing-wave gate beam

Toward a scalable quantum computing architecture with mixed species ion chains

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