Characterization of Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Slag for Soil Stabilization Application Using Geopolymerization Method

Abstract

Clay soils provide several challenges for geotechnical and civil engineers. This type of soils has a low strength, high plasticity and can cause damage to the road pavement such as crack and soil strength reduction. Thus, require stabilization method. Continue of research and investigations have been done to find other alternative in soil stabilization that eco-friendly. Geopolymer, one of the alterative eco-friendly soil stabilization method offering small swelling potential and outstanding adhesion to soil properties, which could be an effective soil stabilizer. Geopolymer is a reaction that chemically integrates minerals that involves naturally occurring silicoaluminates sources. The geopolymer synthetized from soil, fly ash, ground granulated blast slag and an alkaline solution made from sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The characterization testing includes physical properties, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to examine the physical properties, elemental chemical composition, mineralogical properties, microstructure, and bonding chemical of the raw material, respectively. Based on the characterization result, the soil, fly ash and ground granulated blast slag consists mainly of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) which make it suitable to be used as raw materials for geopolymer formation. This paper presents a characterization analysis of soil, fly ash and ground granulated blast slag as raw materials for soil stabilization application using geopolymerization method.

Effects of the Chemical Composition of Synthetic Slags Compared to an Average Blast Furnace Slag

“…In all spectra, absorption bands can be seen at wavenumbers of 906 and 689 cm -1 , with the band at 906 cm -1 being due to Si-O-T/T-O-Si stretching vibrations and the band at 689 cm -1 being due to Si-O-T bending vibrations, where T stands for either Si or Al [35]. In this way, aluminosilicates can be clearly detected.…”

Use of Boron Waste in Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Bricks

“…Clay soil is easy to swell in wet condition and will shrink if the soil is dry in the dry season. Swelling and shrinkage happens because water content in the soil changes the volume of soil [3].The subgrade as the foundation of a pavement has an important role because the subgrade has the traffic load above the pavement. Subgrade that has low strength will cause damage to the pavement.…”

“…Therefore, pavements built on weak-strength subgrades will have a short service life. One of the causes of damage is the expanding and shrinking properties of soil types that have high palstistas [3]. Changes in subgrade moisture content can result in cracking or deformation.…”

Experimental investigation on trinary blended geopolymer mortar synthesized from Industrial-agro and municipal solid waste ash subjected to different acid exposure

“…The IRAffinity-1 model was used for the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test. The FTIR analysis for precursor as shown in figure 2(b), around 1024, and 873 cm −1 in the MSWA spectrum corresponding to asymmetric vibrations of Si-O-T bonds, which are also present in the SCBA and GBFS spectrum at 1031, 785, and 899 cm −1 respectively, where Si-O-T (T: tetrahedral Si, Al, or Fe)[46]. The bands associated with the 571 cm −1 , and 603 cm −1 for MSWA have ascribed to the Fe 2 O stretching vibrations of the hematite[47].…”