Characterization of Fungal nirK-Containing Communities and N2O Emission From Fungal Denitrification in Arable Soils

Xu, Huifang; Sheng, Rong; Xing, Xiaojing; Zhang, Wenzhao; Hou, Haijun; Liu, Yi; Qin, Hongling; Chen, Chunlan; Wei, Wenxue

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00117

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Furthermore, fungi hold significant shares of the nirK community. For example, Xu et al (2019) found that the fungal nirK-harboring community may contribute up to 50% of the N 2 O production during corn crops over black soils of Northeast China. Indeed, the present study observed statistically significant monotonic relationships among fungal ITS and nirK.…”

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confidence: 99%

Limited Impacts of Cover Cropping on Soil N-Cycling Microbial Communities of Long-Term Corn Monocultures

et al. 2022

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Cover cropping (CC) is a promising in-field practice to mitigate soil health degradation and nitrogen (N) losses from excessive N fertilization. Soil N-cycling microbial communities are the fundamental drivers of these processes, but how they respond to CC under field conditions is poorly documented for typical agricultural systems. Our objective was to investigate this relationship for a long-term (36 years) corn [Zea mays L.] monocultures under three N fertilizer rates (N0, N202, and N269; kg N/ha), where a mixture of cereal rye [Secale cereale L.] and hairy vetch [Vicia villosa Roth.] was introduced for two consecutive years, using winter fallows as controls (BF). A 3 × 2 split-plot arrangement of N rates and CC treatments in a randomized complete block design with three replications was deployed. Soil chemical and physical properties and potential nitrification (PNR) and denitrification (PDR) rates were measured along with functional genes, including nifH, archaeal and bacterial amoA, nirK, nirS, and nosZ-I, sequenced in Illumina MiSeq system and quantified in high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The abundances of nifH, archaeal amoA, and nirS decreased with N fertilization (by 7.9, 4.8, and 38.9 times, respectively), and correlated positively with soil pH. Bacterial amoA increased by 2.4 times with CC within N269 and correlated positively with soil nitrate. CC increased the abundance of nirK by 1.5 times when fertilized. For both bacterial amoA and nirK, N202 and N269 did not differ from N0 within BF. Treatments had no significant effects on nosZ-I. The reported changes did not translate into differences in functionality as PNR and PDR did not respond to treatments. These results suggested that N fertilization disrupts the soil N-cycling communities of this system primarily through soil acidification and high nutrient availability. Two years of CC may not be enough to change the N-cycling communities that adapted to decades of disruption from N fertilization in corn monoculture. This is valuable primary information to understand the potentials and limitations of CC when introduced into long-term agricultural systems.

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Section: Figure 4 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Impacts of Cover Cropping on Soil N-Cycling Microbial Communities of Long-Term Corn Monocultures

et al. 2022

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“…The positive effects of faecal MBC on nirK and nosZ clade I gene abundance indicate their general relationship with the gut microbiome. Those of the Gram + /Gram-PLFA ratio suggest the stronger importance of Gram + bacteria for denitrifying microorganisms, whereas the positive effects of fungal ergosterol on nirK and nosZ clade I gene abundance point to the possibility of fungal denitrification and N 2 O production (Ma et al 2017;Zhong et al 2018;Xu et al 2019).…”

Section: Abundance Of Nitrification and Denitrification Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil N2O flux and nitrification and denitrification gene responses to feed-induced differences in the composition of dairy cow faeces

et al. 2021

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Faeces from cows with different milk yield and non-lactating cows were applied to soil to investigate whether soil N2O efflux is related to feeding-induced differences in faecal microbiome and abundances of nitrification and denitrification genes. Fungal 18S-rRNA gene abundance was the highest in the faeces of the non-lactating group. The 18S-rRNA/ergosterol ratio showed a strong positive correlation with the 18S-rRNA/fungal glucosamine ratio. The milk-yield groups did not affect the gene abundances of bacterial 16S rRNA, AOB amoA, nirS and nosZ clade I, or the 16S-rRNA/muramic acid (MurN) ratio. In contrast, nirK gene abundance was generally the lowest in the high-yield group. The 16S-rRNA/MurN ratio showed a strong positive correlation with the 16S-rRNA/bacterial PLFA ratio. Cow faeces application to soil increased microbial biomass and ergosterol contents as well as the gene abundances of 18S-rRNA and nosZ clade I, compared with the non-amended control soil. Cumulative ΣCO2 efflux was roughly twice as high as the control, without differences between the faeces treatments. Cumulative ΣN2O efflux showed a 16-fold increase after applying high-yield cow faeces to soil, which was above the sevenfold increase in the non-lactating faeces treatment. The ΣN2O efflux from soil was positively related to faecal MurN and total PLFA concentration but also to soil nirK at day 14. The comparison of genome markers with cell wall (glucosamine) and cell membrane components (ergosterol) showed that the fungal cells were much larger in energy-rich faeces than in C-limited soil. A cow diet reduced in protein decreased the ΣN2O efflux from faeces amended soil.

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“…Recent research has found that fungi play significant roles in the denitrification of soil environments (Wei et al 2014;Xu et al 2019). However, it is unclear whether or not…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2014; Xu et al . 2019). However, it is unclear whether or not denitrifying fungi are present in woodchip bioreactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of cold‐adapted nitrate‐reducing fungi that have potential to increase nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors

Aldossari

Ishii

2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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The aim of this study was to obtain cold-adapted denitrifying fungi that could be used for bioaugmentation in woodchip bioreactors to remove nitrate from agricultural subsurface drainage water. Methods and Results: We isolated a total of 91 nitrate-reducing fungal strains belonging to Ascomycota and Mucoromycota from agricultural soil and a woodchip bioreactor under relatively cold conditions (5°C and 15°C). When these strains were incubated with 15 N labeled nitrate, 29 N 2 was frequently produced, suggesting the occurrence of co-denitrification (microbially mediated nitrosation). Two strains also produced 30 N 2 , indicating their ability to reduce N 2 O. Of the 91 nitrate-reducing fungal strains, fungal nitrite reductase gene (nirK) and cytochrome P450 nitric oxide reductase gene (p450nor) were detected by PCR in 34 (37%) and 11 (12%) strains, respectively. Eight strains possessed both nirK and p450nor, further verifying their denitrification capability. In addition, most strains degraded cellulose under denitrification condition. Conclusions: Diverse nitrate-reducing fungi were isolated from soil and a woodchip bioreactor. These fungi reduced nitrate to gaseous N forms at relatively low temperatures. These cold-adapted, cellulose-degrading and nitrate-reducing fungi could support themselves and other denitrifiers in woodchip bioreactors.

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Characterization of Fungal nirK-Containing Communities and N2O Emission From Fungal Denitrification in Arable Soils

Cited by 32 publications

References 67 publications

Limited Impacts of Cover Cropping on Soil N-Cycling Microbial Communities of Long-Term Corn Monocultures

Limited Impacts of Cover Cropping on Soil N-Cycling Microbial Communities of Long-Term Corn Monocultures

Soil N2O flux and nitrification and denitrification gene responses to feed-induced differences in the composition of dairy cow faeces

Isolation of cold‐adapted nitrate‐reducing fungi that have potential to increase nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors

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