Characterization of halobenzoate-degrading, denitrifying Azoarcus and Thauera isolates and description of Thauera chlorobenzoica sp. nov.

Abstract

The taxonomic relationships of Azoarcus and Thauera isolates in the β-subclass of the Proteobacteria capable of degrading fluoro-, chloro-or bromobenzoate under denitrifying conditions were analysed. A detailed classification of these strains was performed using a polyphasic approach, which included studies on morphology, phenotypic characterization, fatty acid analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 16S rRNA gene mapping (

Thauera butanivorans sp. nov., a C2-C9 alkane-oxidizing bacterium previously referred to as 'Pseudomonas butanovora'

“…The profile was composed of summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v6c/C 16 : 1 v7c; 43.6 %), C 16 : 0 (27.6 %), C 18 : 1 (14.8 %), C 10 : 0 3-OH (4.7 %) and C 12 : 0 (4.6 %). The main components of the profile were in the range of those of recognized Thauera species (Song et al, 2001) and agreed with the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic placement in the class Betaproteobacteria. The DNA G+C content (67.3 mol%) determined by Takahashi et al (1980) was also similar to those of members of the genus Thauera (Song et al, 2001).…”

“…Presumably, butyrate was metabolized further to acetyl-CoA via the b-oxidation pathway (Arp, 1999). One major characteristic of recognized Thauera species is the utilization of aromatic or terpenoid hydrocarbons under denitrifying conditions (Anders et al, 1995;Foss & Harder, 1998;Mechichi et al, 2002;Scholten et al, 1999;Song et al, 2001). 'P.…”

“…The genus Thauera was described originally by Macy et al (1993) and comprises eight species with validly published names: Thauera selenatis (Macy et al, 1993), Thauera aromatica (Anders et al, 1995), Thauera chlorobenzoica (Song et al, 2001), Thauera linaloolentis (Foss & Harder, 1998), Thauera mechernichensis (Scholten et al, 1999), Thauera terpenica (Foss & Harder, 1998), Thauera aminoaromatica (Mechichi et al, 2002) and Thauera phenylacetica (Mechichi et al, 2002). 'Pseudomonas butanovora' strain Bu-B1211 (5IAM 125745ATCC 436555DSM 2080) was isolated originally from activated sludge sampled from an oil-refining plant in Japan by enrichment with n-butane as the sole source of carbon and energy (Takahashi et al, 1980).…”

Tepidiphilus margaritifer gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a thermophilic aerobic digester

“…Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence of strain N2-214 T showed its affiliation to the b-Proteobacteria, a result that is in agreement with the polar lipid and respiratory quinone composition (see below). The 16S rDNA sequence was then compared with all species with validly published names of the most closely related genera, Azoarcus, Thauera and Hydrogenophilus (Springer et al, 1998;Hayashi et al, 1999;Song et al, 1998Song et al, , 1999Song et al, , 2000Song et al, , 2001Reinhold-Hurek & Hurek, 2000;Stöhr et al, 2001;Mechichi et al, 2002), and several other genera in the b-Proteobacteria. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain N2-214 T was not closely related to those of other genera within this subclass, the highest similarities (approx.…”

Desulfoluna spongiiphila sp. nov., a dehalogenating bacterium in the Desulfobacteraceae from the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba

“…Briefly, 10-ml cultures were centrifuged and resuspended in 500 ml phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.0). Cells were lysed in a boiling water bath with 0.1 M NaOH for 10 min and the sample was neutralized with HCl prior to analysis.Cellular lipids from strain AA1 T grown on sulfate-free medium were saponified, methylated and extracted into hexane/methyl tertiary butyl ether as described by Song et al (2001). Fatty acid methyl esters were analysed via GC by using the SHERLOCK Microbial Identification System (MIDI), and identification was verified by GC-MS with an Agilent series 6890 GC system and 5973 mass-selective detector, equipped with an HP5 MS capillary column (30 m60.25 mm inner diameter, film thickness, 0.25 mm) with helium as the carrier gas.…”