Characterization of Heavy - Duty Diesel Gaseous and Particulate Emissions, and Effects of Fuel Composition

Particulate Matter Associated with Vehicles on the Road. II

“…The average literature value (Braddock and Bradow, 1975;Hare et al, 1976;Braddock and Gabele, 1977;Springer and Banes, 1977;Hare and Baines, 1979;Hare and Bradow, 1979;Kiyoura, 1980;Gabele et al, 1981;Ullman and Hare, 1981)for S o h p 2 content (or S context X 3) in diesel exhaust particulate matter is (4.6 f 2.0)%, comparable to the value in Table 2.…”

“…Soil dust can account for -40% of the Mg. The motor oils and fuels could account for -25% of the Mg from gasolinepowered vehicles, but only a few percent of the Mg from diesels, and this seems confirmed by data on Mg in gasoline-engine (Braddock, 1977;Gabele et al, 1977;Dietzmann et al, 1981;Lang et al, 1981) and diesel (Hare and Baines, 1979;Hare and Bradow, 1979;Gabele et al, 1981) exhaust particulate matter. Tires might add -1%.…”

“…The literature average (Hare et al, 1976;Springer and Baines, 1977;Hare and Baines, 1979;Hare and Bradow, 1979) for N in diesel exhaust particulate matter is (0.7+0.2)%, less than half the value in Table 2.…”

“…The average literature value (Braddock and Bradow, 1975;Hare et al, 1976;Springer and Baines, 1977;Springer and Stahman 1977;Hare and Baines, 1979;Hare and Bradow, 1979) for C in diesel exhaust particulate matter is (74.5 f 5.4)%.…”

“…Most of the Na is from diesels (Table 2), but Diesel fuel could account for at most 3%. Published data on diesel (Hare and Baines, 1979;Hare and Bradow, 1979;Gabele et al, 1981) and gasoline (Gabeie et al, 1977;Dietzmann et al, 1981;Lang et al, 1981) exhaust particulate matter argue against exhaust as the source of the missing 90% of the Na.…”