Characterization of hepatitis B virus in turkish blood donors, and the prevalence of the SP1 splice variant

Cox, Laura; Arslan, Önder; Allain, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1002/jmv.22118

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1). Genotype D1 was prevalent in more than 80% of Western Asian strains (Lebanon, Turkey, and Iran) and less than 50% of the North African sequences (Tunisia and Sudan, where the D7 and E genotypes were dominant, respectively) but not in Egypt (7,12,20,21). The G1896A (60%) mutation was common, as reported in Mediterranean countries (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The G1896A (60%) mutation was common, as reported in Mediterranean countries (10). In Iran, Turkey, and Tunisia, the prevalence of the mutated 1896 nucleotide was 85%, 66%, and 85%, respectively (7,12,21). In HBsAg-positive donors, the vast majority of strains were essentially wild type, with only strain Leb 15 showing significant mutations in the MHR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Among the Lebanese blood donor population, 0.9 to 1.6% are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (9,26), a lower percentage than in other Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries (7,12,21). A previous study conducted by restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns showed the predominance of HBV genotype D (29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A seminested PCR was used to screen for the splice variants occurring in the core and polymerase open reading frames, as described previously (7). Total HBV DNA (spliced and unspliced) was quantified with the MX 3000P quantitative real-time PCR system (Stratagene).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Virus DNA Splicing in Lebanese Blood Donors and Genotype A to E Strains: Implications for Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification and Infectivity

2012

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major viruses transmissible by blood that causes chronic infection in immunocompromised individuals. The study of 61 HBV carrier blood donors from Lebanon revealed multiple patterns of spliced HBV DNA. HBV DNA splicing was examined and quantified in samples of five genotypes and in seroconversion panels. The Lebanese sample median viral load was 1.5 ×10 2 IU/ml. All strains were genotype D, serotype ayw; 35 clustered as subgenotype D1 and 7 clustered as subgenotype D2. Three splice variants (SP1, SP1A, and Pol/S) were observed in 12 high-viral-load samples. Twenty samples of each genotype, A to E, were tested for the presence of HBV spliced DNA and SP1-specific splice variant. An unspliced HBV genome was dominant, but 100% of strains with a viral load of ≥10 5 copies/ml contained various proportions of spliced DNA. SP1 was detected in 56/100 (56%) samples in levels that correlated with the overall viral load. HBV DNA quantification with S (unspliced) and X (total DNA) regions provided different levels of viral load, with the difference corresponding to spliced DNA. During the highly infectious window period, the SP1 variant became detectable shortly after the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), suggesting a correlation between the initiation of splicing and the production of detectable levels of HBsAg. The quantification of HBV DNA with primers located outside and inside the spliced region might provide different estimations of viral load and differentiate between infectious and defective viral genomes. The role of splicing neoproteins in HBV replication and interaction with the host remains to be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Virus DNA Splicing in Lebanese Blood Donors and Genotype A to E Strains: Implications for Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification and Infectivity

2012

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“…However, there have been a limited number of studies on HBV genotype distribution in Turkey. In the work done in the obtained data, genotype D and subgenotype D1 have been found to be a widely prevalent genotype in Turkey (7,8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Carrying Drug-resistance Compensatory Mutations in Chronically Infected Treatment-naive Patients

Altındiş¹,

Aslan²,

Köroğlu³

et al. 2016

vhd

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ÖZObjective: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly variable throughout the world. Geographical regions are classified according to the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in the general population as high (>8%), moderate (2-7%), and low endemicity (<2%). Turkey has a moderate endemicity level of HBV infection which is a serious health problem. Currently, there are various nucleos(t)ide analogues with anti-HBV activity and they are mostly used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and cirrhosis. The risk of drug resistance increases because these drugs are still being used as monotherapy. It has been reported that HBV drug resistance-related mutations can occur also in patients who are classified as treatment-naive and who have not received any oral anti-HBV treatment. Materials and Methods:This prospective and descriptive epidemiological study aimed to determine the genotype/subgenotypes of HBV and to investigate the drug resistance mutations in treatment-naive CHB patients. The study included 149 CHB patients who had no chronic coinfections, and have not received treatment for CHB infection. In 53 of the samples collected from the patients, the amount of viral DNA was enough for sequence analysis to search for drug resistance. BigDyeTM Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif., USA) was used for sequencing of the serum samples from these patients and drug resistance mutations were determined and genotype/ subgenotype detection was performed. Results:The mean viral load value was calculated as 9.84x10 6 , and there was no primary drug resistance in any of these 53 samples which were sequenced. There were compensatory resistance-related amino acid changes in 19 samples. Genotype D was determined as HBV in all cases. Conclusion:The early detection of drug resistance-related mutations can be important in determination of treatment protocol, and prevention of unnecessary drug use, complications, and economic loses.

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Dating the origin and dispersal of hepatitis B virus infection in humans and primates

et al. 2013

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The origin of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans and other primates remains largely unresolved. Understanding the origin of HBV is crucial because it provides a framework for studying the burden, and subsequently the evolution, of HBV pathogenicity with respect to changes in human population size and life expectancy. To investigate this controversy we examined the relationship between HBV phylogeny and genetic diversity of modern humans, investigated the timescale of global HBV dispersal, and tested the hypothesis of HBV-human co-divergence. We find that the global distribution of HBV genotypes and subgenotypes are consistent with the major prehistoric modern human migrations. We calibrate the HBV molecular clock using the divergence times of different indigenous human populations based on archaeological and genetic evidence and show that HBV jumped into humans around 33,600 years ago; 95% higher posterior density (HPD): 22,000-47,100 years ago (estimated substitution rate: 2.2 3 10 26 ; 95% HPD: 1.5-3.0 3 10 26 substitutions/site/year). This coincides with the origin of modern nonAfrican humans. Crucially, the most pronounced increase in the HBV pandemic correlates with the global population increase over the last 5,000 years. We also show that the nonhuman HBV clades in orangutans and gibbons resulted from cross-species transmission events from humans that occurred no earlier than 6,100 years ago. Conclusion: Our study provides, for the first time, an estimated timescale for the HBV epidemic that closely coincides with dates of human dispersals, supporting the hypothesis that HBV has been coexpanding and co-migrating with human populations for the last 40,000 years. (HEPATO-LOGY 2013;57:908-916)

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Characterization of hepatitis B virus in turkish blood donors, and the prevalence of the SP1 splice variant

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Hepatitis B Virus DNA Splicing in Lebanese Blood Donors and Genotype A to E Strains: Implications for Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification and Infectivity

Hepatitis B Virus DNA Splicing in Lebanese Blood Donors and Genotype A to E Strains: Implications for Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification and Infectivity

Hepatitis B Virus Carrying Drug-resistance Compensatory Mutations in Chronically Infected Treatment-naive Patients

Dating the origin and dispersal of hepatitis B virus infection in humans and primates

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