Characterization of Human Metapneumoviruses Isolated from Patients in North America

Peret, Teresa C. T.; Boivin, Guy; Li, Yan; Couillard, Michel; Humphrey, Charles D.; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Erdman, Dean D.; Anderson, Larry J.

doi:10.1086/340518

Cited by 351 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Infections by hMPV were detected as described by Peret et al. 10 Amplification conditions consisted of initial denaturation at 94°C for 10 seconds followed by 94°C for 5 seconds, 55°C for 20 seconds, and 72°C for 20 seconds applied for 40 cycles in the first round and 40 cycles in the second round, and final extension at 72°C for 10 seconds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The post‐infection outcomes of influenza and acute respiratory infection in patients above 50 years of age in Japan: an observational study

Ikematsu¹,

Takeuchi²,

Rosenlund³

et al. 2011

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Please cite this paper as: Ikematsu et al. (2011) The post‐infection outcomes of influenza and acute respiratory infection in patients above 50 years of age in Japan: an observational study. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), 211–217. Objectives Influenza can be a serious illness, especially for older people, and reducing the impact of influenza in elderly is important. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and postinfection outcomes of influenza among the over‐50 population in Japan. Design An observational study was designed to ascertain the proportion of influenza cases in a population aged ≥50 years with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and to determine the postinfection outcomes of their illness during the 2008–09 influenza season in Japan. Respiratory specimens obtained from a total of 401 patients were tested by PCR for influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). The effectiveness of the seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine was estimated by a test‐negative case control analysis. Setting Seventeen outpatient clinics located in four separate areas of Japan. Sample Respiratory swab specimens from the ARI patients aged ≥50 years. Main outcome measures Laboratory confirmed influenza in patients presenting with ARI. Results In all, 89 (22.2%) of the patients were positive for one of the tested viruses; 70 (78.7%) with influenza, 17 (19.1%) with RSV, and 2 (2.2%) with hMPV. Cough (95.7% vs 73.4%), loss of appetite (67.1% vs 35.5%), absence from work (50.0% vs 23.0%), impact on daily activity (90.0% vs 62.5%), and caregiver absence from work (5.7% vs 0.6%) were observed higher in influenza patients. The duration of feeling weakness (6.3 ± 5.4 vs 3.6 ± 1.9 days) and average days of reduced activity (5.2 vs 3.6 days) were longer for influenza patients. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated to be 32.1% (95% CI: −14.9, 59.9%). Conclusions Influenza was the dominant ARI‐causing virus and the clinical and socio‐economic outcomes imposed on patients over 50 years of age was high for influenza.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The post‐infection outcomes of influenza and acute respiratory infection in patients above 50 years of age in Japan: an observational study

Ikematsu¹,

Takeuchi²,

Rosenlund³

et al. 2011

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…Like RSV, hMPV infects humans of all ages but causes more severe disease in infants, the elderly and the immunocompromised [3,6,9,17,25,26]. Like hRSV, hMPV can re-infect throughout life [29], although essentially all children have had a first infection by age 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human metapneumovirus: Enhanced pulmonary disease in cotton rats immunized with formalin-inactivated virus vaccine and challenged

Yim¹,

Cragin²,

Boukhvalova³

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are susceptible to the recently discovered human metapneumovirus (hMPV), an agent closely related to human respiratory syncytial virus. Since certain respiratory syncytial virus vaccines can induce enhanced disease upon viral challenge, we have done similar experiments with hMPV in cotton rats. Young adult cotton rats were vaccinated with a formalininactivated preparation of hMPV strain C-85473, or with a mock preparation of the vaccine on day 0 and again on day 28. All animals were challenged intranasally on day 49 with 10 7 TCID 50 of the same hMPV strain. Animals were sacrificed on days 4, 7, and 10 post-challenge and lungs were removed for viral quantitation, histopathology, and cytokine mRNA expression analysis (interferongamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)). Although the vaccinated animals showed almost complete protection from viral replication in the lungs (<10 2.0 TCID 50 per gram), there was a dramatic increase in the lung pathology, particularly the interstitial pneumonitis and alveolitis with elevated serum neutralizing antibody titer prior to challenge. Cytokine profiles were distinctive from those observed during primary infection and re-infection. The data raise safety concerns for hMPV vaccine preparations.

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“…They are enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses. Epidemiological studies indicate that, like RSV, hMPV is a significant human respiratory pathogen with a worldwide distribution (6,16,23,24). Indeed, hMPV appears to affect many of the same subpopulations and cause clinical manifestations, including upper respiratory tract infections, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia, similar to those caused by RSV, although they are of lesser severity (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective Evaluation of Rapid Antigen Tests for Diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infections

Aslanzadeh

Zheng

Li³

et al. 2008

J Clin Microbiol

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are two important viral pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections in the pediatric population. The rapid detection of these agents allows the prompt isolation and treatment of infected patients. In the present prospective study, we evaluated the performances of four rapid antigen detection assays, including a rapid chromatographic immunoassay ( , the CIA had a sensitivity of 79.8% and a specificity of 89.5%. The RSV DFA with Bartels reagents showed a sensitivity of 94.1% and a specificity of 96.8%. For hMPV, the sensitivity and specificity were 62.5% and 99.8%, respectively, for the DHI DFA and 63.2% and 100%, respectively, for the Imagen DFA. The hands-on and test turnaround times for CIA were 10 and 30 to 60 min, respectively, and the hands-on and test turnaround times for the RSV and hMPV DFAs were 30 and 105 min, respectively. We conclude that while the RSV CIA is user-friendly, it lacks sensitivity and specificity, especially during off-peak months. In contrast, the RSV DFA is more sensitive and specific, but interpretation of its results is subjective and it demands technical time and expertise. Similarly, both hMPV DFAs are highly specific in comparison to the results of RT-PCR, but their sensitivities await further improvements.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the single most important cause of respiratory tract infections in children. It is estimated that each year in the United States, 100,000 hospitalizations and 4,500 deaths are attributed to RSV infection (20). Similar to RSV, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), identified in The Netherlands in 2001, is thought to cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children (23). Both RSV and hMPV are members of the family Paramyxoviridae (20). They are enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses. Epidemiological studies indicate that, like RSV, hMPV is a significant human respiratory pathogen with a worldwide distribution (6,16,23,24). Indeed, hMPV appears to affect many of the same subpopulations and cause clinical manifestations, including upper respiratory tract infections, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia, similar to those caused by RSV, although they are of lesser severity (24). Both RSV and hMPV have been shown to infect the majority of children by the age of 5 years. Moreover, reinfections have been observed in all age groups (4).The laboratory diagnosis of RSV and hMPV infections can be made by virus isolation, detection of viral antigens, amplification of viral RNA by molecular techniques, demonstration of a rise in serum antibody levels, or a combination of these approaches (7,9,13,15,21,26). The use of rapid tests for the diagnosis of RSV and hMPV infections allows implementation of appropriate infection control measures, thus reducing nosocomial spread, and is useful for consideration of timely treatment with antiviral agents (8,12). The clinical and financial benefits of the rapid detection of RSV in respiratory specimens have been demonstrated in several...

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Characterization of Human Metapneumoviruses Isolated from Patients in North America

Cited by 351 publications

References 5 publications

The post‐infection outcomes of influenza and acute respiratory infection in patients above 50 years of age in Japan: an observational study

The post‐infection outcomes of influenza and acute respiratory infection in patients above 50 years of age in Japan: an observational study

Human metapneumovirus: Enhanced pulmonary disease in cotton rats immunized with formalin-inactivated virus vaccine and challenged

Prospective Evaluation of Rapid Antigen Tests for Diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infections

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