Once people reach 35-40 years, they have a decrease in their pool of pluripotent stem cells, and show a violation of tissue renewal, a decrease in the number of cell-producers of testosterone (Leidig cells) and a reduction in testosterone circulating in the blood. Partial androgen deficiency in aging men violates division and differentiation of androgen-dependent cells and increases the risk for development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. The recovery of testosterone production and regeneration helps make a decrease in proliferative activity, and the rehabilitation of regulation of androgen-dependent cells of the prostate and other tissues and organs, as well as reduce insulin resistance among older men.Keywords: testosterone, partial androgen deficiency in aging men, 5a-dihydrotestosterone, 17b-oestradiol, prostate cancer, androgen blockade, benign prostatic hyperplasia, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming factor of growth-β, insulin-similar growth factor-1, insulin, PSA, AR, ER, Ki67, Bcl-2, p53.