Characterization of <i>Monilinia</i> species associated with brown rot in stone fruit in Brazil

Fischer, Juliana Marta Muehlmann; Savi, Daiani Cristina; Aluízio, Rodrigo; Mio, Louise Larissa May De; Glienke, Chirlei

doi:10.1111/ppa.12578

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Furthermore, C. gloeosporioides was strongly inhibited, with a mean rate of 63.22%. These two fungi are common fruit fungal pathogens (Munir et al, 2016 ; Fischer et al, 2017 ), which is why they have been chosen as targets in the subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Volatile Organic Compounds From Bacillus subtilis CF-3: Biocontrol Effects on Fruit Fungal Pathogens and Dynamic Changes During Fermentation

Gao

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

104

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The dynamic changes of the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Bacillus subtilis CF-3 and their biocontrol effects on common fungal pathogens were researched in this study. The results showed that the VOCs in 24-h fermentation liquid (24hFL) of B. subtilis CF-3 inhibited mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Penicillium expansum, Monilinia fructicola, and Alternaria alternata, with a mean inhibition rate of 59.97%. The inhibitory effect on M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides was the highest; they were therefore selected as target fungal pathogens for further experiments. Based on headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), 74 potential VOCs were identified during the fermentation: 15 alcohols, 18 ketones, 4 pyrazines, 4 esters, 10 acids, 5 phenols, 3 hydrocarbons, 3 amines, 2 aldehydes, 5 ethers, and 5 other components. At different fermentation times, the type and content of VOCs were different. Most of the potential VOCs (62 VOCs) were identified in the 48hFL. The inhibition rates of all VOCs reached their peaks (73.46% on M. fructicola and 63.63% on C. gloeosporioides) in the 24hFL. Among the identified VOCs, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 1-octanol, and benzothiazole showed significant positive correlations with the rates of M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides inhibition. Benzoic acid and benzaldehyde showed a significant positive correlation with the rates of M. fructicola inhibition, and anisole and 3-methylbutanal showed a significant positive correlation with the rates of C. gloeosporioides inhibition. In vitro, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol showed a strong inhibitory effect on both M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides. In vivo, benzothiazole showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the mycelial extensions of both M. fructicola and C. gloeosporioides, which also led to an increased rate of healthy fruit. The results of the present study clarified that 2,4-di-tert-butylthiophenol and benzothiazole are key inhibitory VOCs produced by B. subtilis CF-3.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Volatile Organic Compounds From Bacillus subtilis CF-3: Biocontrol Effects on Fruit Fungal Pathogens and Dynamic Changes During Fermentation

Gao

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

104

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“…is the main disease in stone fruit production areas worldwide. In Brazil, Monilinia fructicola is the most frequent species and is distributed in the main stone fruit‐producing regions (Fischer et al , ). The pathogen can cause fruit rot, blossom blight and canker in twigs, causing significant pre‐ and postharvest losses (Batra, ; Holb & Scherm, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discontinuance of tebuconazole in the field restores sensitivity of Monilinia fructicola in stone fruit orchards

et al. 2019

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Demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are used to control brown rot in stone fruit worldwide. However, their specific mode of action can select resistant isolates of Monilinia fructicola. Monilinia fructicola resistant to DMI fungicides are associated with a fitness cost in the absence of selective pressure, indicating that the sensitive population can be re‐established when discontinuing the fungicide in the field. This work aimed to build up the sensitive population of M. fructicola after discontinuing the use of tebuconazole for successive crop seasons. The sensitivity of M. fructicola to tebuconazole was assessed in four commercial peach orchards in Paraná and São Paulo States from 2012/13 to 2015/16. Different fungicide programmes were used and DMI fungicides were discontinued from 2013/14. The sensitivity of M. fructicola to tebuconazole was assessed by a mycelial growth assay in vitro and by determining the frequency of the G461S mutation in the MfCYP51 gene. The isolates from Paraná had high sensitivity to the fungicide across all seasons and the frequency of the G461S mutation remained below 5%. The isolates from São Paulo were highly resistant in the 2012/13 season; however, there was a gradual decline until 2015/16. In addition, the G461S mutation frequency in Sao Paulo State was about 80% in the 2012/13 season, but reduced until it was completely undetectable in 2015/16. These results provide evidence that resistance can be managed in orchards with high selective pressure to tebuconazole after discontinuing the use of the fungicide for at least 3 years.

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“…M. laxa is the most common species in Europe, Chile, South Africa and Iraq, and M. fructigena is found frequently in Europe and Asia (Ogawa et al 1995). M. fructicola and M. laxa are both present in Brazil, but the former is the predominant species (Angeli et al 2017;Fischer et al 2017). These pathogens can cause fruit rot, blossom blight and twig cankers on peach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monilinia spp. from imported stone fruits may represent a risk to Brazilian fruit production

Pereira

Padilha

Kaiser

et al. 2018

Trop. plant pathol.

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The Brazilian production of stone fruit is not enough to meet its consumer demand, thus requiring importation of fruit from Spain, Chile, the United States and Argentina. Pathogens that cause brown rot, such as Monilinia spp., can entry the country in asymptomatic fruit as latent infections. The goals of this work were to identify and characterize the species of Monilinia from fruits imported by Brazil, to compare their aggressiveness with Brazilian Monilinia isolates under different conditions and to test their insensitivity to fungicides. It was determined that M. fructicola and M. laxa are entering the country through imported stone fruit. Many isolates have the potential to adapt themselves to the conditions of the main fruit producing regions of Brazil. It was observed that these imported Monilinia isolates showed low sensitivity to the fungicides azoxystrobin, tebuconazole, iprodione and thiophanate-methyl, which are the main fungicides used in the control of brown rot in Brazil. All Monilinia isolates tested were pathogenic to peach. M. fructicola isolates from Chile and US were able to cause disease on apples and pears with and without wound. Our results indicated a high risk of Monilinia spp. entering the Brazilian fruit production.

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Characterization of Monilinia species associated with brown rot in stone fruit in Brazil

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Research on Volatile Organic Compounds From Bacillus subtilis CF-3: Biocontrol Effects on Fruit Fungal Pathogens and Dynamic Changes During Fermentation

Research on Volatile Organic Compounds From Bacillus subtilis CF-3: Biocontrol Effects on Fruit Fungal Pathogens and Dynamic Changes During Fermentation

Discontinuance of tebuconazole in the field restores sensitivity of Monilinia fructicola in stone fruit orchards

Monilinia spp. from imported stone fruits may represent a risk to Brazilian fruit production

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