Characterization of internal discharge shock waves of gas‐insulated switchgears using shadowgraphy

Abstract

The gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) is a vital component of a power system, and understanding the shock wave characteristics of its internal discharge is crucial to ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire system. In this study, a high‐speed shadowing technique is employed to obtain the shadowgraphs of a typical flow‐field evolution of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas following the breakdown of a pin–plate gap inside a GIS. Experimental data were used to derive parameters, including the Mach number, propagation speed, distance of the discharge shock wave, and the temperature, pressure, density, and velocity of the SF6 gas after wave generation. With a 0.2‐mm discharge gap and 0.4‐MPa pressure, the discharge generates a spherical shock wave, centred at the contact between the discharge channel and electrodes, that propagates in all directions. The shock wave gradually weakens after 20 μs, propagating at near‐sonic speed, and its Mach number decreases from 2.92 to 1.15; similarly, its post‐wave parameters sharply decrease during the first 20 μs. Additionally, a significant reflection occurs when the shock wave propagates to the metal wall. The authors’ findings provide a valuable reference for detecting and diagnosing the internal discharge in GISs.

Investigating the characteristics of internal discharge shock waves in gas‐insulated switchgear under varied gap configurations

“…In a previous study [27], the authors investigated the flow field characteristics of the discharge shock wave inside the GIS with a discharge gap of 2 mm, gas pressure of 0.4 MPa, and needleplate electrode, and the results were compared with those of this study; the initial velocity, Mach number, displacement, and postwave parameters (pressure, velocity, density, and temperature) of the shock wave increased with increasing gas pressure. This is because the higher the gas pressure, the higher the breakdown voltage, the higher the discharge energy, and the stronger the generated shock wave.…”