Characterization of Iranian Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Cultivars Using Microsatellite Markers

Ghanbari, Ali; Akkak, A.; Boccacci, Paolo; Talaie, Alireza; Vezvaie, A.; Botta, Roberto

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.686.14

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…According to Erfatpour et al (2011), hazelnut is native to the Talesh Mountains in northwestern Iran (Tandehbin and Makesh regions of Guilan Province). The nuclear microsatellite data of Erfatpour et al (2011) and Ghanbari et al (2005) show considerable variation among Iranian hazelnut cultivars in contrast to our observations during orchard visits. The people of Azerbaijan are Turkic.…”

Section: Relationship Of S-alleles To Geographic Origin Incontrasting

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution of Incompatibility Alleles in Cultivars and Selections of European Hazelnut

Mehlenbacher¹

2014

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is native to most of Europe and nearby areas in Asia Minor and the Caucasus Mountains. Cross-pollination is enforced by sporophytic incompatibility under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). Fluorescence microscopy is routinely used to determine if a pollination is compatible or incompatible, and use of an array of known testers allows identification of the alleles of cultivars and selections. Both alleles are expressed in the stigmas, but often only one is expressed in the pollen because of dominance. Cultivars are highly heterozygous diploids (2n = 2x = 22) and clonally propagated. Most of the world's leading cultivars were selected from local wild populations near where they are now planted on a commercial scale. Genetic improvement efforts are recent and, although tremendous genetic variability is available, such efforts have had little impact outside of Oregon and France. Studies of genetic diversity using simple sequence repeat markers have placed most cultivars in one of the four main groups: Spanish-Italian, Central European, English, or Black Sea. This study presents 17 years of data on incompatibility in hazelnut, including the discovery of six new S-alleles and determination of the dominance relationships among 105 new pairs of alleles. The total number of alleles now stands at 33. The S-alleles of 284 cultivars, 13 interspecific hybrids, and 522 selections of diverse origin are presented. The S-alleles identified in hazelnut cultivars is information that should be useful to breeders in the planning of crosses, to curators of germplasm collections, and to growers and nurseries as they choose cultivars and pollenizers when designing orchards. Differences in S-allele frequency seen in the cultivars and selections are related to geographic origin. The most common alleles of cultivars in the major geographical groups are S2 in the Spanish-Italian group, S5 in the Central European group, S3 in the English group, and S4 in the Black Sea group. Most selections belonged to the Black Sea group, and S4 was by far the most common allele. Differences in allele frequency were also observed among seed lots within a country.

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Section: Relationship Of S-alleles To Geographic Origin Incontrasting

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution of Incompatibility Alleles in Cultivars and Selections of European Hazelnut

Mehlenbacher¹

2014

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…Cultivars originating from controlled crosses and synonyms were excluded, but those that had been found to descend from spontaneous crosses were included. True-to-type identity of the accessions was verified by Boccacci et al (2005Boccacci et al ( , 2006Boccacci et al ( , 2008 and Ghanbari et al (2005) using the following 16 SSR loci: CaT-A114, CaT-B107, CaT-B501, CaT-B502, CaT-B503, CaT-B504, CaT-B505, CaT-B507, CaT-B508, CaT-B509, CaT-B511, CaT-C001 and CaT-C504 , CaC-A102, CaC-B020 and CaC-B028 .…”

Section: Microsatellite Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 89%

A multidisciplinary approach to enhance the conservation and use of hazelnut Corylus avellana L. genetic resources

Bacchetta

Rovira

Tronci

et al. 2014

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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During recent years, there has been increasing awareness of the importance of adopting a holistic view of biodiversity, including agricultural biodiversity, conservation for sustainable utilization and development. These principles have been underlined in the Convention on Biological Diversity and the European efficiency resources towards 2050. Thus critical issues are now to understand the distribution and extent of genetic diversity available to breeders and stakeholders, the kind and range of characterization, how to face the problem of continuous expanding of germplasm to be conserved. Focusing on the case study of hazelnut which is a crop of great importance for European countries, the paper describes a resourceful strategy for re-organizing and sharing hazelnut genetic resources through an upgrading of knowledge on their value and uses. The paper summarizes the progresses so far and provides a 'launching pad' for future researches. The brief review discusses also the recent progresses in recovery, characterization conservation and uses of European hazelnut germplasm achieved by 068 AGRI GEN RES SAFENUT which was one of the 17 Action financed by the European Commission-Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development. The current status on the morphological and molecular characterization of the in situ and ex situ of the most important European collections, the rescue and preservation of new accessions recovered on farm were discussed underling critical aspects. A better understanding of hazelnut genetic diversity and its distribution is essential for its conservation and use as well as the harmonization of the morphological and biochemical descriptors. The importance of traditional knowledge is also considered as integrated part of the multidisciplinary approach useful to rationalize genetic resources maintained in the collections. Thus improving the characterization on cultivated and wild forms through the development of a core collection, is the further step to achieve a more effective management and use of European nuts germplasm.

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“…This feature of SSRs combined with their hypervariability make them ideal for a wide range of applications in fruit and nut crops such as cultivar identification, management of germplasm collections, identification of duplicate accessions, and evaluation of genetic diversity. SSR markers identified in C. avellana (Bassil et al 2005a, b;Boccacci et al 2005;Gürcan and Mehlenbacher 2010a, b;Gürcan et al 2010a, b;Campa et al 2011) were used for linkage mapping (Mehlenbacher et al 2006;Gürcan et al 2010a, b) to assess genetic relationships among cultivars (Boccacci et al 2006(Boccacci et al , 2008Ghanbari et al 2005;Gökirmak et al 2009;Boccacci and Botta 2010;Gürcan et al 2010a, b) and to fingerprint cultivars in collections, identify synonyms, and determine parentage Gökirmak et al 2009;Sathuvalli and Mehlenbacher 2011). Cross-species transferability of a number of SSRs was demonstrated in Corylus (Bassil et al 2005a;Boccacci et al 2005) and within the Betulaceae family maintaining the polymorphic feature of the molecular marker .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western European Wild and Landraces Hazelnuts Evaluated by SSR Markers

et al. 2015

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Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), a member of the family Betulaceae and the order Fagales, is native to Europe, Turkey, and the Caucasus. It has been cultivated for more than 5000 years. The majority of cultivars were selected from local wild populations over the past few centuries. Hazelnut is native to northern Portugal, with local production from landrace clonal selections. In recent years, hazelnut production has declined, and landraces are in danger of being lost. In this study, we used 16 microsatellite markers to investigate genetic diversity in wild populations, Portuguese landraces, and reference cultivars. A high level of polymorphism was found, as indicated by mean values for expected heterozygosity (0.74), observed heterozygosity (0.71), and polymorphism information content (0.78). A neighbor-joining dendrogram showed a clear separation of the wild genotypes from the landraces and reference cultivars. Bayesian analysis placed individuals in three groups, showing differentiation of wild populations, landraces, and reference cultivars. Our studies provide new insights on the origin of Portuguese landraces.

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Characterization of Iranian Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Cultivars Using Microsatellite Markers

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Geographic Distribution of Incompatibility Alleles in Cultivars and Selections of European Hazelnut

Geographic Distribution of Incompatibility Alleles in Cultivars and Selections of European Hazelnut

A multidisciplinary approach to enhance the conservation and use of hazelnut Corylus avellana L. genetic resources

Western European Wild and Landraces Hazelnuts Evaluated by SSR Markers

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