Characterization of Isolates of
            <i>Salmonella enterica</i>
            Serovar Typhimurium Displaying High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Japan

Izumiya, Hidemasa; Mori, Kadumi; Kurazono, Takayuki; Yamaguchi, Masanori; Higashide, Masato; Konishi, Noriko; Kai, Akemi; Morita, Koji; Terajima, Jun; Watanabe, Haruo

doi:10.1128/jcm.43.10.5074-5079.2005

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The presence of these different mutations within the chromosomal gyrA gene may be used to confirm epidemiological relationships between Nal-resistant serotype Typhimurium isolates, particularly if they belong to the DT104 clone. High-level resistance to Cip in salmonellae is of great concern but has been found rarely in serotype Typhimurium isolates (4,7,15,18,19,29). Such isolates were collected from humans and animals (cattle, pigs, and pets) in various countries (Germany, Belgium, France, United Kingdom, Japan, and Taiwan).…”

Section: Vol 44 2006 Multidrug Resistance In Serotype Typhimurium Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional resistance to nalidixic acid resistance (with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin) has increasingly been reported in DT104 isolates recovered from humans and animals in England (36). A few reports have also described multidrug-resistant serotype Typhimurium isolates highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC Ͼ 8 mg/ liter) in humans and animals from Europe and Asia (4,7,15,18,19,29).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium from Humans in France (1993 to 2003)

et al. 2006

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The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the antimicrobial resistance phenotypes (R types), the phage types and XbaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types, the genes coding for resistance to ␤-lactams and to quinolones, and the class 1 integrons among a representative sample of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates collected from humans in 2002 through the French National Reference Center for Salmonella (NRC-Salm) network. The trends in the evolution of antimicrobial resistance of serotype Typhimurium were reviewed by using NRC-Salm data from 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2003. In 2002, 3,998 isolates of serotype Typhimurium were registered at the NRC-Salm among 11,775 serotyped S. enterica isolates (34%). The most common multiple antibiotic resistance pattern was resistance to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and spectinomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline (ACSSpSuTe R type), with 156 isolates (48.8%). One isolate resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins due to the production of TEM-52 extendedspectrum ␤-lactamase was detected (0.3%), and one multidrug-resistant isolate was highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC > 32 mg/liter). We found that 57.2% of the isolates tested belonged to the DT104 clone. The main resistance pattern of DT104 isolates was R type ACSSpSuTe (83.2%). However, evolutionary changes have occurred within DT104, involving both loss (variants of Salmonella genomic island 1) and acquisition of genes for drug resistance to trimethoprim or to quinolones. PFGE profile X1 was the most prevalent (74.5%) among DT104 isolates, indicating the need to use a more discriminatory subtyping method for such isolates. Global data from the NRC-Salm suggested that DT104 was the main cause of multidrug resistance in serotype Typhimurium from humans from at least 1997 to 2003, with a roughly stable prevalence during this period.

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Section: Vol 44 2006 Multidrug Resistance In Serotype Typhimurium Imentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium from Humans in France (1993 to 2003)

et al. 2006

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“…High-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella was first described in serovar Typhimurium DT204 in the early 1990s in Germany (21). More recently, outbreaks of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella infections were reported in the United States, Taiwan, and Japan (6,26,37,49). Since fluoroquinolones are central to the management of severe salmonellosis, emerging resistance to this antimicrobial class is a paramount concern.…”

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confidence: 99%

Contribution of Target Gene Mutations and Efflux to Decreased Susceptibility of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium to Fluoroquinolones and Other Antimicrobials

Chen

Cui

McDermott

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

130

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The mechanisms involved in fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica include target alterations and overexpression of efflux pumps. The present study evaluated the role of known and putative multidrug resistance efflux pumps and mutations in topoisomerase genes among laboratory-selected and naturally occurring fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains. Strains with ciprofloxacin MICs of 0.25, 4, 32, and 256 g/ml were derived in vitro using serovar Typhimurium S21. These mutants also showed decreased susceptibility or resistance to many nonfluoroquinolone antimicrobials, including tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and several ␤-lactams. The expression of efflux pump genes acrA, acrB, acrE, acrF, emrB, emrD, and mdlB were substantially increased (>2-fold) among the fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants. Increased expression was also observed, but to a lesser extent, with three other putative efflux pumps: mdtB (yegN), mdtC (yegO), and emrA among mutants with ciprofloxacin MICs of >32 g/ml. Deletion of acrAB or tolC in S21 and its fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants resulted in increased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and other tested antimicrobials. In naturally occurring fluoroquinolone-resistant serovar Typhimurium strains, deletion of acrAB or tolC increased fluoroquinolone susceptibility 4-fold, whereas replacement of gyrA double mutations (S83F D87N) with wild-type gyrA increased susceptibility >500-fold. These results indicate that a combination of topoisomerase gene mutations, as well as enhanced antimicrobial efflux, plays a critical role in the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in both laboratory-derived and naturally occurring quinolone-resistant serovar Typhimurium strains.

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“…Molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) according to a previous method (Ribot et al 2006), and bacteriophage typing according to the method of the Health Protection Agency, London, UK (Anderson et al 1977), were also performed as described (Izumiya et al 2005). In PFGE, DNA of the isolates was digested using infrequently cutting restriction enzymes BlnI and XbaI (Roche, Mannheim, Germany).…”

Section: Bacteriologic Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

MASS MORTALITY OF EURASIAN TREE SPARROWS (PASSER MONTANUS) FROMSALMONELLATYPHIMURIUM DT40 IN JAPAN, WINTER 2008–09

Fukui

Takahashi²,

Kubo³

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:An outbreak of salmonellosis in wild passerines caused mass mortality of Eurasian Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in Hokkaido, Japan, 2005-06; however, the etiology was poorly understood. In winter 2008-09, sparrow mortality again occurred in Hokkaido, and 202 deaths in 100 incidents at 94 sites were reported. We conducted a comprehensive investigation to evaluate the cause and impact on sparrow populations. We collected 26 carcasses at 13 sites, including a zoological park. In addition, Salmonella screening of zoo animals was conducted as a biosecurity measure. Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from multiple organs in all examined sparrows; they were diagnosed with septicemic salmonellosis. Eleven sites (85%) were related to wild bird feeding and six of eight sparrow fecal samples, including from the zoo, were S. Typhimuriumpositive. No infection was detected in zoo animals. Isolates belonged to three phage types: DT40 (88%), DT110 (8%), and DT120 (4%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns were the same in all isolates, regardless of phage type. Biochemical characteristics and antibiotic-resistance profiles of DT40 were similar in all isolates, indicating a single origin. The mortality was likely associated with that in 2005-06 because the isolates had the same profiles. Tissue levels of sodium, calcium, and magnesium (the main components of chemical deicer suspected to be the major cause of poisoning deaths in 2005-06 mortality) were not higher in the affected sparrows. We conclude that an emerging epidemic infection with S. Typhimurium DT40 related to bird feeding was the cause of sparrow mortality in 2008-09 and suggest that this causative strain is host-adapted to sparrows in Japan. The mortality might have had some impact on the local population, but its influence was limited.

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Characterization of Isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Displaying High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Japan

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium from Humans in France (1993 to 2003)

Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium from Humans in France (1993 to 2003)

Contribution of Target Gene Mutations and Efflux to Decreased Susceptibility of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium to Fluoroquinolones and Other Antimicrobials

MASS MORTALITY OF EURASIAN TREE SPARROWS (PASSER MONTANUS) FROMSALMONELLATYPHIMURIUM DT40 IN JAPAN, WINTER 2008–09

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