Characterization of Laser-Induced Defect Sand Modification in Carbon Nanotubes by Raman Spectroscopy

Tachibana, Masaru

doi:10.5772/52091

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Likewise, there is a gradual enlargement of the D+G-band at 2943 cm -1 and the appearance of a small peak at 1140 cm -1 , commonly attributed to the formation of trans-(CH)n polyacetylene through cutting of CNT walls by oxygen radicals during oxygen evolution reaction at high voltages. 18 In addition, the G and 2D bands of samples subjected to the electrochemical treatment have a blue upshift of about 3-6 cm -1 and 2-8 cm -1 , respectively. This is most likely attributed to charge transfer induced by oxygen-containing functional groups acting as electron withdrawing moieties, similar to p-type dopants.…”

Section: Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Controlled electrochemical functionalization of CNT fibers: Structure-chemistry relations and application in current collector-free all-solid supercapacitors

Senokos

Rana

Santos

et al. 2019

Carbon

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Chemical functionalization of nanocarbons is an important strategy to produce electrochemical systems with higher energy/power density by generating surface functional groups with additional faradaic contribution, by increasing their surface area and correspondent capacitive contribution and by improving compatibility with aqueous electrolytes and other active materials, such as pseudocapacitive metal-oxides. Here we present an electrochemical method to simultaneously swell and functionalize large electrodes consisting of fabrics of macroscopic fibers of carbon nanotubes that renders the material hydrophilic and produces a substantial increase of specific capacitance and energy density in aqueous electrolytes. Through in-depth characterization of the carbon nanotube fibres (CNTF) by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectrocn spectroscopy (XPS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) we identify various contributions to such improvements, including surface oxidation, tubular unzipping, debundling and inter-bundle swelling. Changes in hydrophilicity of functionalized CNTF are determined by analyzing the dynamics of spreading of polar and nonpolar liquids in the electrode. The extracted contact angles and polar and dispersive surface energy components for different treatment conditions are in agreement with changes in dipole-moment obtained by XPS. Finally, functionalized CNTF electrodes were employed in current collector-free solid flexible supercapacitors, which show enhanced electrochemical properties compared to as-produced hydrophobic ones. 1. INTRODUCTION The superlative properties of nanocarbons continue to fuel the interest in macroscopic architectures that efficiently exploit their "molecular" properties. The exceptional stiffness, charge mobility and electrochemical stability of CNTs, for example, makes them attractive for applications ranging from lightweight composites, to electrochemical charge storage/transfer processes to biomedical applications. 123 In this quest, macroscopic CNT fibres, yarns and fabrics have emerged as attractive systems in which the CNTs associate in long coherent bundle domains that favor inter-tube charge and stress transfer, while also leaving large mesoporous gaps between bundles and thus giving rise to a large porosity. Such structure leads to an unusual combination of bulk mechanical toughness, electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability above that of many metals, combined with a large specific surface area above 250 m 2 /g. These property envelop is partly the reason of the increasing use of CNT fibres as electrodes/current collectors in multiple energy storage, transfer and conversion devices, including those requiring light weight and augmented mechanical properties 4 .

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Section: Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Controlled electrochemical functionalization of CNT fibers: Structure-chemistry relations and application in current collector-free all-solid supercapacitors

Senokos

Rana

Santos

et al. 2019

Carbon

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“…• Characterization of optical and electronic properties of nanoparticles (Aleksandra et al, 2014;Ferrari and Basko, 2013;Maher, 2012;Soler and Qu, 2012;Alvarado et al, 2009) • Identification of defects in carbon nanotubes and fullerenes (Tachibana, 2013;Dresselhaus et al, 2010;Costa et al, 2008;Hennrich et al, 2005) • Scanning of nanoparticles in biological, food, and environmental samples (Zheng and He, 2014;Giovannozzi et al, 2014;Nima et al, 2014;Mustafa, 2013;Hargreaves et al, 2008) • Identification of normal and cancerous cells (Gonz alez-Solís et al, 2009Shangyuan et al, 2011;Rodriguez-L opez, 2009;Pichardo-Molina et al, 2006;Shafer-Peltier et al, 2002) • As a minimally invasive screening tool for acute renal transplantation rejection (Chung et al, 2008(Chung et al, , 2009Tu and Chang, 2012;Han et al, 2009;Brown et al, 2009a,b) • Detection of various biomolecules (McGeehan et al, 2011;Carey, 1983;Lord and Yu, 1970) • Applications in multiplexed Raman imaging, which is capable of detecting multiple targets simultaneously (Li et al, 2014;Zavaleta et al, 2014) • Tissue engineering (Perlaki et al, 2014) • Photothermal effect of metal nanoparticles (Bialkowski, 1996) …”

Section: Physiochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Methodologies for the Characterization of Nanoparticles

Singh

2016

Engineered Nanoparticles

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“…The inset also shows the diameter of the nanotubes versus wavenumber calculated using dt= 234/(ωRBM-10 cm -1 ) [20]. chemisorbed species such as oxides [21,23].…”

Section: E-gun Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BWF peak increases again when the oxide or DNA molecules are removed. In addition, defects such as vacancies, oxides and cut edges produced by high power pulsed laser irradiation decrease the BWF peak [21,30]. Since the BWF peak increases as a result of an increase in tube-tube interactions, it is likely that defects formed by low-energy electron irradiation are such that they increase such interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-energy electron irradiation of preheated and gas-exposed single-wall carbon nanotubes

Ecton

Beatty

Verbeck

et al. 2016

Applied Surface Science

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Ecton, Philip A. Low-Energy Electron Irradiation of Preheated and Gas-Exposed Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes. Doctor of Philosophy (Physics), December 2016, 110 pp., 53 figures, 40 numbered references, bibliography.We investigate the conditions under which electron irradiation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles with 2 keV electrons produces an increase in the Raman D peak.We find that an increase in the D peak does not occur when SWCNTs are preheated in situ at 600 C for 1 h in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) before irradiation is performed. Exposing SWCNTs to air or other gases after preheating in UHV and before irradiation results in an increase in the D peak. Small diameter SWCNTs that are not preheated or preheated and exposed to air show a significant increase in the D and G bands after irradiation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows no chemical shifts in the C1s peak of SWCNTs that have been irradiated versus SWCNTs that have not been irradiated, suggesting that the increase in the D peak is not due to chemisorption of adsorbates on the nanotubes.

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Characterization of Laser-Induced Defect Sand Modification in Carbon Nanotubes by Raman Spectroscopy

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Controlled electrochemical functionalization of CNT fibers: Structure-chemistry relations and application in current collector-free all-solid supercapacitors

Controlled electrochemical functionalization of CNT fibers: Structure-chemistry relations and application in current collector-free all-solid supercapacitors

Experimental Methodologies for the Characterization of Nanoparticles

Low-energy electron irradiation of preheated and gas-exposed single-wall carbon nanotubes

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