2021
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010178
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Characterization of Lignin Compounds at the Molecular Level: Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Raw Data Processing

Abstract: Lignin is the second most abundant natural biopolymer, which is a potential alternative to conventional fossil fuels. It is also a promising material for the recovery of valuable chemicals such as aromatic compounds as well as an important biomarker for terrestrial organic matter. Lignin is currently produced in large quantities as a by-product of chemical pulping and cellulosic ethanol processes. Consequently, analytical methods are required to assess the content of valuable chemicals contained in these compl… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…Complexity and insolubility are major barriers for in situ characterization of the native plant cell wall structure ( Agarwal, 2019 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ). The chemical composition of the secondary plant cell wall has been primarily defined using liquid chromatography ( Sluiter et al, 2008 ), mass spectrometry (MS) ( Jung et al, 2012 ; Qi and Volmer, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2021b ), and solution-state NMR measurements on solvent-extracted polymers ( Kim and Ralph, 2010 ; Foston et al, 2016 ; Ding et al, 2019 ) and solid-state NMR ( Dick-Pérez et al, 2011 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ), vibrational spectroscopy ( Agarwal, 2019 ), and X-ray diffraction ( Nishiyama et al, 2002 ) measurements on native (intact) plant tissues. To help the reader appreciate the potential for polymer reorganization during processing, we present an overview of the current understanding of the secondary plant cell wall chemical composition and architecture.…”
Section: Chemical Composition and Organization Of The Secondary Plant Cell Wallmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…Complexity and insolubility are major barriers for in situ characterization of the native plant cell wall structure ( Agarwal, 2019 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ). The chemical composition of the secondary plant cell wall has been primarily defined using liquid chromatography ( Sluiter et al, 2008 ), mass spectrometry (MS) ( Jung et al, 2012 ; Qi and Volmer, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2021b ), and solution-state NMR measurements on solvent-extracted polymers ( Kim and Ralph, 2010 ; Foston et al, 2016 ; Ding et al, 2019 ) and solid-state NMR ( Dick-Pérez et al, 2011 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ), vibrational spectroscopy ( Agarwal, 2019 ), and X-ray diffraction ( Nishiyama et al, 2002 ) measurements on native (intact) plant tissues. To help the reader appreciate the potential for polymer reorganization during processing, we present an overview of the current understanding of the secondary plant cell wall chemical composition and architecture.…”
Section: Chemical Composition and Organization Of The Secondary Plant Cell Wallmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The details of lignin structure are particularly challenging to analyze due to its high heterogeneity and mobility, so partial extraction of the polymer is often necessary to assess it ( Foston et al, 2012 ; Li and Takkellapati, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2021b ). Lignin is a polyphenolic network formed from the oxidative cross-linking of the monolignols p -coumaryl alcohol (H), coniferyl alcohol (G), and sinapyl alcohol (S) ( Li and Takkellapati, 2018 ).…”
Section: Chemical Composition and Organization Of The Secondary Plant Cell Wallmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In recent years, an increase in the resolution and general availability of high-resolution mass spectrometers has fueled a simultaneous interest in extracting more information from the rich datasets that result from HRMS analyses (Zhang et al, 2021). Indeed, it is perhaps impossible to harness the full power of HRMS without employing computational strategies to untangle all of trends observable in these datasets.…”
Section: Modified and Two-dimensional Kmd Plotsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to gain insights into the formation mechanism of these components, the Kendrick mass defect (KMD) method was applied to mass spectrometry analysis [31]. Qi et al used FT-ICR-MS combined with 2D KMD plots to characterize lignin depolymerization products and showed the activities of different side-chains [32].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%