Characterization of lymphocyte responses to peanuts in normal children, peanut-allergic children, and allergic children who acquired tolerance to peanuts

Turcanu, Victor; Maleki, Soheila J.; Lack, Gideon

doi:10.1172/jci16142

Cited by 124 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For example, T cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with asthma show a more intense allergen-induced IL-5 production than circulating T cells [33]. In addition, allergenspecific T cells in the circulation may be rare [34], and the allergen-induced expansion of T cells from blood may be too limited to be detected by cytokine production. Further investigations on interactions between allergens and immune cells in the esophageal epithelia (e.g., an esophagus-derived T cell clone) are critically needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergen-Specific In Vitro Cytokine Production in Adult Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

et al. 2006

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Although the pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) likely involves hypersensitivity reactions against exogenous allergens, allergen-specific cellular immune responses have not been studied. We investigated allergen-induced cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in adult patients with EE (n=15) and healthy controls (HC; n=9). PBMCs were incubated with nine common food and environmental allergens or a nonspecific mitogen, and the levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, IL-13, and interferon-gamma in the cell-free supernatants were determined. Spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated cytokine production did not differ between EE and HC. House dust mite, ragweed, Aspergillus, milk, and soy induced significantly higher IL-5 production in EE (P < 0.05). House dust mite also augmented IL-13 production in EE (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PBMCs from three EE patients without allergen-specific IgE vigorously produced IL-5 and IL-13 on allergen stimulation. Thus, immune responses in EE are characterized by enhanced production of Th2-like cytokines against both food and environmental allergens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergen-Specific In Vitro Cytokine Production in Adult Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

et al. 2006

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“…A number of studies show that allergen-specific T helper (Th) 2-mediated responses characterize patients with food allergies, and that resolution of food allergy coincides with a shift to a Th1 response [2,3]. Recently, this Th1/Th2 dichotomy in allergy has been expanded to other T cell effector subsets including Th17 cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered T Helper 17 Responses in Children with Food Allergy

Dhuban

d’Hennezel

Ben‐Shoshan³

et al. 2013

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: While a central role for the T helper (Th) 1/Th2 axis in food allergy has been established, the Th17 response in food-allergic humans has not been addressed. Methods: Th17 responses in 18 peanut-allergic children, who were also allergic to at least one additional food allergen, were assessed relative to 15 age-matched healthy controls. To account for the atopy background in the allergic children, 7 atopic, but not food-allergic, individuals and their age-matched controls were included in this study. PBMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry ex vivo or were stimulated in vitro with peanut allergens, gliadin, or tetanus toxoid followed by analysis of proliferation and cytokine production in antigen-responsive cells. Results: We observed a significantly lower interleukin (IL) 17 production in CD4+ T cells of food-allergic individuals ex vivo (p < 0.02). In vitro, we found that IL-17 production in CD4+ T cells in response to all antigens tested was significantly impaired in food-allergic subjects compared to healthy controls (Ara: p < 0.005; gliadin: p < 0.004; TT: p < 0.03). No significant differences were observed between atopic and nonatopic individuals with no food allergy. Conclusion: Our results thus reveal a systemic, non-allergen-specific defect in Th17 responses to antigen stimulation in food allergic individuals, suggesting a role for Th17 cells in the control of food allergy and implicating IL-17 as a potential biomarker for tolerance to food antigens.

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“…In vitro depletion of these CD4 + CD25 + cells led to increased β-lactoglobulin-induced proliferation, suggesting that oral tolerance induction was related to increased CD4 + CD25 + cells [32]. Oral tolerance is also associated with Th1-skewed responses, whereas food allergy is associated with Th2-skewed responses [33]. Comparison of peanutspecifi c immune responses in normal children, children with peanut allergy, and peanut-allergic children who had outgrown their allergy showed Th2-skewed responses in children with peanut allergy and Th1-skewed responses in oral tolerance (healthy children without food allergy and children who outgrew their peanut allergy) [33].…”

Section: Failure Of Oral Tolerance As a Cause Of Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral tolerance is also associated with Th1-skewed responses, whereas food allergy is associated with Th2-skewed responses [33]. Comparison of peanutspecifi c immune responses in normal children, children with peanut allergy, and peanut-allergic children who had outgrown their allergy showed Th2-skewed responses in children with peanut allergy and Th1-skewed responses in oral tolerance (healthy children without food allergy and children who outgrew their peanut allergy) [33]. These fi ndings suggest that food allergy is associated with failure or loss of tolerance, reduced Tregs and TGF-β, and reduced Th1 and increased Th2 responses.…”

Section: Failure Of Oral Tolerance As a Cause Of Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral immunotherapy for food allergy

Tang

2008

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Current management of food allergy involves strict avoidance, education on recognizing and managing allergic reactions, and carrying an adrenaline autoinjector. This approach is burdensome and associated with reduced quality of life. Patients with food allergy would benefit greatly from a treatment that could achieve desensitization or long-term tolerance. Recent studies have shown that oral immunotherapy (OIT) can induce desensitization and modulate allergen-specific immune responses; however, it remains uncertain whether OIT can induce long-term tolerance. Nevertheless, successful desensitization provides a major advance in management by reducing the risk of reaction to low amounts of allergen. Allergic reactions during OIT are common, although severe reactions are less common. Therefore, OIT should be performed in specialist centers under close medical supervision and would ideally be conducted as part of ongoing research studies. OIT holds promise as a novel approach to managing food allergy.

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Characterization of lymphocyte responses to peanuts in normal children, peanut-allergic children, and allergic children who acquired tolerance to peanuts

Cited by 124 publications

References 33 publications

Allergen-Specific In Vitro Cytokine Production in Adult Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Allergen-Specific In Vitro Cytokine Production in Adult Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Altered T Helper 17 Responses in Children with Food Allergy

Oral immunotherapy for food allergy

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