Characterization of monoclonal antibodies reactive with murine leukemia viruses: Use in analysis of strains of friend MCF and friend ecotropic murine leukemia virus

Chesebro, Bruce; Britt, William J.; Evans, Lawrence C.; Wehrly, Kathy; Nishio, Jane; Cloyd, Miles W.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(83)90378-1

Cited by 192 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This confirmed the prediction that rats would readily produce monoclonal antibodies to p30, whereas mice would do so very poorly, if at all (Lostrom et aL, 1979). In fact, the few monoclonal antibodies to p30 reported recently were all obtained in rats (Chesebro et a[., 1983;Gambke et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies to Murine Retrovirus Protein p30

Chuat

Grce

Pilon

et al. 1985

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYHybrid cell lines were prepared by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells with the spleen cells of Wistar-Furth rats that had been immunized with a Moloney sarcoma virus (MoMuSV)-induced tumour, MFU. Two immunization protocols were designed. In the first, the animals received several injections of irradiated (10 000 rad) cells of a tumour cell line established in vitro, MFU-67. The rats received a booster injection 3 days prior to fusion. In the second protocol, immunization was the result of simple tumour growth, and no booster was given. Hybrids were tested by immunofluorescence for the production of immunoglobulins reacting with mouse cells acutely infected with MoMuSV. Over 20 ~ of reactive hybrids were observed in the tumour growth protocol, and about 10 ~o in the irradiated cell protocol when the last injection of the series was given 2 weeks before fusion. After 6 months, the proportion fell to 3~. Hybrid lines producing antibody to p30, the major core polypeptide of murine retroviruses, were obtained by cloning. Three of these were selected for closer study and were found to recognize three non-overlapping epitopes on p30. By direct and competitive binding in ELISA tests, the three epitopes were found to have very different distribution patterns among the various strains and isolates of murine retroviruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies to Murine Retrovirus Protein p30

Chuat

Grce

Pilon

et al. 1985

Journal of General Virology

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“…Western blotting. Rat monoclonal antibody to spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) Gag was prepared from R187 cells (American Type Culture Collection) (6). Monoclonal antibodies to ␣-actin and the HA tag were purchased from Sigma and Santa Cruz Biotech, respectively.…”

Section: Vol 84 2010 Cellular Determinants Of Xmrv Infection 6289mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cellular Determinants Required for In Vitro Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus Entry into Human Prostate Cancer and Noncancerous Cells

Bhosle¹,

Suppiah²,

Molinaro³

et al. 2010

J Virol

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Prostate cancer is the most common male malignancy in Western countries and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in males worldwide (15,24). The known risk factors for prostate cancer are hormones (i.e., androgens), diet, sex, and race, as well as environmental and genetic factors (27). A recent study suggests that susceptibility to prostate cancer can be influenced by the genetic variations associated with an antagonistic coevolution, which occurs between a specific host locus (RNASEL), known to be involved in antiviral innate immune defense, and a viral pathogen (38). Indeed, several epidemiologic studies have supported the involvement of the RNASEL gene in the prostate cancer etiology (4,5,30,31), whereas other studies do not (9,22,34,43). Some studies have reported that individuals with a single mutated copy of the RNASEL gene have a 50% increased risk for prostate cancer, whereas those with homozygous mutant RNASEL alleles have a 2-fold-increased risk of prostate cancer (5).The RNASEL gene encodes for the RNase L protein, a constitutively expressed latent endoribonuclease, which mediates the interferon-inducible 2-5A system against viral and/or cellular double-stranded RNAs (8,16,20,23,49,50). The RNase L "Q" variant allele (R462Q) shows a 3-fold decrease in catalytic activity compared to the wild-type enzyme (5, 44). The possible association of mutant RNASEL alleles with human prostate cancers suggests an enhanced susceptibility of prostate tissues to a viral agent. This hypothesis has led to the recent identification of a new human retrovirus, xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-related virus (XMRV), in 40% of prostate cancer patients with the QQ variant alleles of RNASEL compared to 1.5% among heterozygous (RQ) and wild-type (RR) RNASEL carriers (41). XMRV virus infection appears to be susceptible to inhibition by interferon and its downstream effector RNase L protein (7). However, a recent study has provided some evidence to show that XMRV infection is independent of the RNASEL genotype (34), suggesting that population differences and/or other environmental or genetic factors may influence the impact of RNASEL on prostate cancer development.The XMRV genome is 8,185 nucleotides in length and shares up to 95% overall nucleotide sequence identity with known xenotropic MuLVs (41). One receptor for xenotropic MuLVs is Xpr1, a 696-amino-acid protein with multiple transmembrane-spanning domains (2). Expression of this protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that are not known to express Xpr1 endogenously confers an enhanced susceptibility of these cells to xenotropic MuLV infection (2). Infection of hamster and mouse cells with XMRV-like virus that is derived from a prostate cancer cell line (22Rv1) also requires Xpr1 as a receptor (18). Earlier studies have demonstrated the importance of certain residues located within the putative third and fourth extracellular loops (ECL3 and ECL4) of Mus dunni's Xpr1 in conferring infection by xenotropic MuLVs (25). Furthermore, it has been shown ...

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“…Immunodetection of mouse light-and heavy-chain antibodies was conducted with a biotinylated anti-mouse antibody goat antiserum (Amersham) and peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin (Amersham), as determined with a Renaissance chemoluminescence kit from NEN Life Science Products according to the supplier's recommendations. Immunodetection of viral particles in 667 hybridoma supernatants was carried out with rabbit polyclonal Rauscher leukemia virus antiserum (NCI/BCB Repository, Camden, N.J.); mouse MAb 709, which recognizes only the CasBrE and Friend virus gp70 proteins (31); rat MAb 83A25, which recognizes a wide range of MLV gp70s (15); or MAb R187, which recognizes the p30 gag protein of a wide range of MLVs (8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibody 667 Recognizes the Variable Region A Motif of the Ecotropic Retrovirus CasBrE Envelope Glycoprotein and Inhibits Env Binding to the Viral Receptor

Dreja

Gros

Villard

et al. 2003

J Virol

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Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 667 is a neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody recognizing the envelope glycoprotein (Env) of the ecotropic neurotropic murine retrovirus CasBrE but not that of other murine retroviruses. Since 667 can be used for preclinical studies of antiviral gene therapy as well as for studying the early events of retroviral infection, we have cloned its cDNAs and molecularly characterized it in detail. Spot technique-based experiments showed that 667 recognizes a linear epitope of 12 amino acids located in the variable region A of the receptor binding domain. Alanine scanning experiments showed that six amino acids within the epitope are critical for MAb binding. One of them, D 57 , is not present in any other murine retroviral Env, which suggests a critical role for this residue in the selectivity of 667. MAb 667 heavy-and light-chain cDNAs were functionally characterized by transient transfection into Cos-7 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Biacore studies showed that the specificities as well as the antigen-binding thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the recombinant 667 MAb (r667) produced by Cos-7 cells and those of the parental hybridoma-produced MAb (h667) were similar. However, h667 was shown to contain contaminating retroviral and/or retrovirus-like particles which interfere with both viral binding and neutralization experiments. These contaminants could successfully be removed by a stringent purification protocol. Importantly, this purified 667 could completely prevent retrovirus binding to target cells and was as efficient as the r667 MAb produced by transfected Cos-7 cells in neutralization assays. In conclusion, this study shows that the primary mechanism of virus neutralization by MAb 667 is the blocking of the retroviral receptor binding domain of CasBrE Env. In addition, the findings of this study constitute a warning against the direct use of hybridoma cell culture supernatants for studying the initial events of retroviral cell infection as well as for carrying out in vivo neutralization experiments and suggest that either recombinant antibodies or highly purified antibodies are preferable for these purposes.CasBrE is a simple murine ecotropic retrovirus which causes a spongiform encephalopathy primarily affecting the motor center of the brain and the spinal cord. The virus was originally isolated from wild mice (17), and its neurovirulence is determined by the envelope glycoprotein (Env) sequence (13,46,47). Due to the poor replication ability of the virus in the brain, long periods of incubation (3 to 6 months) after neonatal infection are required for the onset of neuropathology. However, when the Env of CasBrE is introduced into the neuroinvasive but nonneuropathogenic Friend murine leukemia virus (MLV) strain FB29 in place of its natural Env, the resulting virus, FrCas E , induces a rapidly progressing, noninflammatory spongiform neurodegenerative disease with an incubation period of only 2 weeks.Retroviral envelope glycoproteins are synthesized as precursors ...

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Characterization of monoclonal antibodies reactive with murine leukemia viruses: Use in analysis of strains of friend MCF and friend ecotropic murine leukemia virus

Cited by 192 publications

References 34 publications

Monoclonal Antibodies to Murine Retrovirus Protein p30

Monoclonal Antibodies to Murine Retrovirus Protein p30

Evaluation of Cellular Determinants Required for In Vitro Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus Entry into Human Prostate Cancer and Noncancerous Cells

Monoclonal Antibody 667 Recognizes the Variable Region A Motif of the Ecotropic Retrovirus CasBrE Envelope Glycoprotein and Inhibits Env Binding to the Viral Receptor

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