Characterization of morphometric, reproductive and seedling traits of Parkia timoriana in northeast India

Abstract

We studied variations on different traits of (D.C.) Merr. in twelve provenances systematically from their source of origin to a controlled environment where representative seedlings were grown. Among the provenances, P1 gave the best result for seed traits including germination traits, P7 for pod traits and P10 for seedling vigour. Effects of seasonal distribution of rainfall and temperature on seed and pod traits were also determined by computing multiple regression analysis. The results displayed winter rainfall and summer temperature as the most important factor determining pod and seed traits. Latitude also significantly (P < 0.001) affected PWT (r = 0.52), SWP (r = 0.46) and SW (r = 0.50). A common garden study for germination and seedling growth indicated P1 and P10 provenance as the best among all. Seeds drawn from P10 gave the highest seedling vigour with an average growth rate of 0.61 cm/day from 90th to 180th day. Highest broad-sense heritability values (h) were observed in germination traits, followed by seedling collar diameter. The lowest h was observed for seedling height.Parkia timoriana22

Provenance Variation in Seed and Fruit Pod Traits of Multipurpose Wonder Forest Tree Siris (Albizzia lebbek) in Northern India and Relationships with Bioclimatic Factors

“…This suggests that temperature may have positive effects on these seed traits. Similar results were reported in other tree species wherein post monsoon temperature positively correlated with pod length in Parkia timoriana [44], annual mean temperature positively correlated with seed length, seed width and seed weight in Magnolia officinalis [43]. However, seed length, seed width and seed weight were found to be negatively correlated with temperature in Faidherbia albida [42].…”

“…Our results of significant provenance variation in seed and pod traits of A. lebbek are consistent with similar observations for seed length, seed weight and 1000 seed weight reported for A. lebbek provenances from the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh [19], as well as for seed and/or pod traits of its sister species Albizia procera [21,22,23], and Albizia chinensis [24,29]. Our results are also consistent with those reported for other tropical angiosperm forest trees and annual plants, including Dalbergia sissoo [30][31][32][33][34][35], Pongamia pinnata [36,37,38,39], Ambrosia artemisiifolia [40], Carpobrotus edulis [41], Faidherbia albida [42], Magnolia officinalis [43], Parkia timoriana [44], and Cordia africana [45]. Consistent with our observations, high provenance effect (>90%) was reported for seed weight in Albizia chinensis, Albizia procera, Dalbergia sissoo, Cordia africana and Pongamia pinnata [29,23,33,34,45,46].…”

“…The local bioclimatic factors/conditions can influence inter-provenance variation in seed and pod traits and has been reported for seed traits in Faidherbia albida [42], Magnolia officinalis [43], Parkia timoriana [44], Carpobrotus edulis [41], and Cordia africana [45]. We observed negative correlations of seed traits, including 1000 seed weight, with most of the precipitation bioclimatic factors, although the correlations were statistically significant only for seed width and seed width/seed length ratio (Table 6).…”

Early Growth of 11 Native and Three Alien Tree Species in Northeastern Mindanao, Philippines

“…P. javanica is an agroforestry tree species in most tropical regions. In the Philippines, the tree can grow luxuriantly in the wild and in shifting agriculture lands [34]. P. javanica is a large tropical tree that grows well under full sunlight, although it also thrives well in cooler tropical conditions, making it an excellent candidate native species for plantation establishment.…”